Boris Yeltsin: Versiyalar orasidagi farq

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Qator 14:
| turmush o'rtog'i=[[Naina Yeltsina]]
| imzo=Yeltsin_signature_svg.svg
}}'''Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin''' ({{lang-ru|{{audio|ru-Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin.ogg|Борис Николаевич Ельцин}}}}; 1-fevral, 1931{{ndash}} - 23-aprel, 2007) [[Rossiya Federatsiyasi]]ning birinchi [[Rossiya Federatsiyasi Prezidenti|prezidenti]] boʻlgan (1991—1999-yillar mobaynida).
 
Yeltsin hukumat tepasiga [[SSRI|SSSR]] boʻlinganda keldi. 1991-yil 12-iyunida u 57% ovoz bilan [[RSFSR]] prezidenti qilib saylandi. Biroq bundan keyin bo'lgan iqtisodiy va siyosiy bo'hronlar tufayli Yeltsin avvalboshdagi shuhratini yo'qotdi. Yeltsin davri [[korrupsiya]], iqtisodiy inqiroz va jiddiy siyosiy hamda ijtimoiy muammolar davri bo'ldi. Muhlati oxiriga kelib Yeltsinning reytingi 2% atrofida edi.<ref>[http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0210/07/i_ins.01.html Transcripts of 'Insight' on CNN]{{ref-en}}</ref>
 
Following the [[History of the Soviet Union (1985-1991)#Yeltsin and the dissolution of the USSR|dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in December 1991, Yeltsin, vowing to transform Russia's [[economy of the Soviet Union|socialist command economy]] into a free [[market economy]], endorsed price liberalization and [[privatization in Russia|privatization programs]]. Due to corruption and other factors, a good deal of the national wealth fell into the hands of a relatively small group of people.<ref>{{cite web|last=Åslund|first=Anders|authorlink=Anders Åslund|title=Russia's Collapse|work=Foreign Affairs|publisher=[[Council on Foreign Relations]]|date=September/October 1999|accessdate=2007-07-17|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19990901faessay1007/anders-aslund/russia-s-collapse.html}}</ref>
 
In August 1991, Yeltsin won international plaudits for casting himself as a democrat and defying the [[Soviet coup attempt of 1991|August coup attempt of 1991]] by the members of Soviet government opposed to [[perestroika]]. He left office widely unpopular with the Russian population as an ineffectual and ailing [[autocrat]].<ref>Paul J. Saunders, "U.S. Must Ease Away From Yeltsin", ''Newsday'', 14 May 1999. [http://www.nixoncenter.org/publications/articles/pjs-newsday.htm]</ref> He either acted as his own prime minister (until June 1992) or appointed men of his choice, regardless of parliament. His confrontations with parliament climaxed in the [[Russian constitutional crisis of 1993|October 1993 Russian constitutional crisis]], when Yeltsin called up tanks to shell the [[Russian White House]], blasting out his opponents in parliament. Later in 1993, Yeltsin imposed a [[Constitution of Russia|new constitution]] with strong presidential powers, which was approved by [[Russian constitutional referendum, 1993|referendum]] in December.
 
Just hours before the first day of 2000, Yeltsin made a surprise announcement of his resignation, leaving the presidency in the hands of [[Vladimir Putin]].