Mark Twain: Versiyalar orasidagi farq
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Qator 6:
| Taxallus = Mark Twain
| Tavallud sanasi = {{birth date|1835|11|30}}
| Tavallud joyi
| Vafot sanasi
| Vafot joyi
| Fuqarolik
| Kasb
| Faoliyat
| Yonalish =
| ▲| Magnum opus = ''[[Huckleberry Finnning sarguzashtlari]]''
| Sayt =
▲| Mukofot =
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[[Fayl:Mark Twain at Stormfield (1909).webm|thumb|Mark Twain (1909)]]
'''Mark Twain''' (''Mark Tven'', taxallus, haqiqiy ismi ''Samuel Langhorne Clemens''
== Hayoti va ijodi ==
▲TVEN (Twain) Mark (taxallusi; asl ismsharifi Semyuel Lengxorn Klemens) (1835.30.11, Florida, Missuri shtati — 1910.21.04, Redding , Konnektikut shtati) — amerikalik yozuvchi, jahon adabiyotining yirik namoyandasi. Oʻspirinlik va yigitlik yillarida darbadarlikda kun kechirgan, turli kasblar bilan shugʻullanib, tirikchilik oʻtkazgan, keyinchalik gaz. tahririyatlarida ishlagan. Folklor syujeti asosida yozilgan "Kalaverasdan chiqqan mashhur sakrovchi qurbaqa" asari (1865)da soddadil amerikaliklarning hazilmutoyibasi va hayoti tasvirlangan. 1867 yilda Yevropa va Falastin boʻylab sayohat qilgan. "Chet ellardagi soddadil kishilar" (1869) yumoristik ocherklar, "Toblanganlar" (1872) ocherklar kitoblariga kirgan asarlar ana shu sayohatlar taassurotlari asosida maydonga kelgan. "Zarhal asr" (1873, Ch. Uorner bilan hamkorlikda) romani moliyaviysiyosiy korrupsiya haqida, "Yaltiroq asr" (1874) satirik romanida esa jamiyat illatlari hajv etiladi. Yumoristik va satirik yoʻsinda yozilgan "Eski va yangi hikoyalar" (1875), "Tennesidagi jurnalistika" (1869), "Meni gubernatorlikka qanday saylashgani" (1870), "Qishloq xoʻjaligi gazetasiga qanday muharrirlik qildim" (1870) singari toʻplamlariga kirgan asarlarida Amerika xayotining turli qirralari tasvirlangan.
Yozuvchining 1895 yil dagi jahon boʻylab sayohati
▲"Geklberri Finning boshidan kechirganlari" (1884) romanida amerikacha xdyotning yetuk ijtimoiy tanqidi, muruvvat va iltifotning manfaatparastlik va shafqatsizlik bilan yonmayon mavjudligi koʻzga tashlansa, "Qirol Artur saroyidagi konnektikutlik yankilar" (1889) qissasida ijtimoiy qaramaqarshilik dunyosi krralanadi. "Missisipidagi eski davrlar" (1875), "Missisipidagi hayot" (1883) kitoblari, "Shahzoda va gado" (1882), "Ovsar Vilson" (1894), "Tom Soyer chet elda" (1894), "Tom Soyer — josus" (1897), "Sirli notanish odam" (1916) kabi roman va qissalar muallifi.
Bolalarga atab yozilgan asarlari bolalar adabiyotining mumtoz namunalari sanaladi (
▲Yozuvchining 1895 yil dagi jahon boʻylab sayohati "Ekvator boʻylab" (1897) kitobida, shuningdek, pamfletlar turkumi, shu jumladan "Qorongʻida oʻtirgan odamga" (1901), "Harbiy ibodat" (1923 yilda nashr etilgan) asarlarida aks etgan.
▲Bolalarga atab yozilgan asarlari bolalar adabiyotining mumtoz namunalari sanaladi ("Tom Soyerning boshidan kechirganlari", 1876 va boshqalar). "Tom Soyerning boshidan kechirganlari" asari (A. Pirnazarov tarjimasi) oʻzbek tilida bir necha bor nashr etilgan. Shuningdek, "Geklberri Finning boshidan kechirganlari", "Hikoya va pamfletlar" (1959), "Shahzoda va gado" (1962) va boshqa asarlari xam oʻzbek tiliga tarjima qilingan, maktab darsliklariga kiritilgan.
== Bibliografiya (oʻzbekcha nomlari) ==
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== Toʻliq bibliografiya (
* (1867) ''Advice for Little Girls'' (fiction)
* (1867) ''The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County'' (fiction)
* (1868) ''General
* (1868) ''My Late Senatorial Secretaryship'' (fiction)
* (1869) ''The Innocents Abroad'' (non-fiction travel)
* (1870-71) ''Memoranda'' (monthly column for ''The Galaxy'' magazine)
* (1871) ''Mark
* (1872) ''Roughing It]]'' (non-fiction)
* (1873) ''The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today'' (fiction, made into a play)
Qator 64 ⟶ 63:
* (1876) ''A Murder, a Mystery, and a Marriage'' (fiction); (1945, private edition), (2001, Atlantic Monthly).
* (1877) ''A True Story and the Recent Carnival of Crime'' (stories)
* (1877) ''The
* (1878) ''Punch, Brothers, Punch! and other Sketches'' (fictional stories)
* (1880) ''A Tramp Abroad'' (travel)
Qator 71 ⟶ 70:
* (1883) ''Life on the Mississippi'' (non-fiction)
* (1884) ''Adventures of Huckleberry Finn'' (fiction)
* (1889) ''A Connecticut Yankee in King
* (1892) ''The American Claimant'' (fiction)
* (1892) ''Merry Tales'' (fictional stories)
* (1892) ''Those Extraordinary Twins'' (fiction)
* (1893) ''The £1,000,000 Bank Note and Other New Stories'' (fictional stories)
* (1894) ''[[Tom Sawyer Abroad]]'' (fiction)
* (1894) ''The Tragedy of
* (1896) ''Tom Sawyer, Detective'' (fiction)
* (1896) ''Personal Recollections of Joan of Ar]'' (fiction)
Qator 89 ⟶ 88:
* (1901) ''To the Person Sitting in Darkness'' (essay)
* (1902) ''A Double Barrelled Detective Story'' (fiction)
* (1904) ''A
* (1904) ''Extracts from
* (1905) ''King
* (1905) ''The War Prayer'' (fiction)
* (1906) ''The $30,000 Bequest and Other Stories'' (fiction)
* (1906) ''What Is Man?'' (essay)
* (1906) ''
* (1907) ''Christian Science'' (non-fiction critique)
* (1907) ''A
* (1907) ''Is Shakespeare Dead?'' (non-fiction)
* (1909) ''Captain
* (1909) ''Letters from the Earth'' (fiction, published posthumously)
* (1910) ''Queen
* (1912) ''My Platonic Sweetheart'' (dream journal, possibly non-fiction)
* (1916) ''The Mysterious Stranger'' (fiction, possibly not by Twain, published posthumously)
* (1924) ''Mark
* (1935) ''Mark
* (1962) ''Letters from the Earth'' (posthumous, edited by Bernard DeVoto)
* (1969) ''No. 44, The Mysterious Stranger'' (fiction, published posthumously)
* (1985) ''Concerning the Jews'' (published posthumously)
* (1992) ''Mark
* (1995) ''The Bible According to Mark Twain: Writings on Heaven, Eden, and the Flood'' (published posthumously)
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
== Havolalar ==
* [http://www.marktwainproject.org/ Mark Twain Project Online] {{ref-en}}
* [http://www.quotes-famous.com/person/Mark-Twain-quotes.html Mark Twain Sitatalari] {{ref-en}}
* [http://www.twen.ru/ Mark Twain va uning ijodi haqida sayt] {{ref-ru}}
* [http://www.books-online.ru/t/tvenmark.html Mark Twain
* [http://www.world-art.ru/people_bio.php?id=4701 Mark Twain tarjimai holi] {{ref-ru}}
{{OʻzME}}
[[Turkum:Mark Twain|*]]
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