Stephen Hawking: Versiyalar orasidagi farq

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| alma_mater = [[Oksford universiteti]]<br />[[Kembrij universiteti]]

'''Stephen William Hawking''' ({{talaffuz|Stiven Uilyam Hoking}}; 8-yanvar 1942 – — 14-mart 2018) ingliz [[nazariy fizika|nazariyotchi fizigi]], [[Kosmologiya|kosmologi]], yozuvchi va [[Kembrij universiteti]] Nazariy kosmologiya markazi tadqiqot direktori boʻlgan.<ref name="Auto2J-2">[http://www.ctc.cam.ac.uk/outreach/stephen_hawking.php "Centre„Centre for Theoretical Cosmology: Outreach Stephen Hawking"Hawking“]</ref><ref name="Auto2J-3">[http://www.hawking.org.uk/about-stephen.html About Stephen]. Stephen Hawking vebsayti.</ref> Ilmiy ishlari sirasiga [[Roger Penrose]] bilan birgalikda kashf etgan [[Penrose–Hawking singularlik teoremalari|gravitatsiya singularligi teoremalari]] hamda [[qora tuynuk]] nurlanishi ([[Hawking nurlanishi]]) hodisasining matematik asosi (prognozi) kiradi. Hawking birinchi boʻlib kosmologiyani umumiy nisbiylik nazariyasi va [[kvant mexanika]] bilan izohlovchi nazariya qurishni taklif etdi. U kvant mexanikaning [[koʻp olamlar talqini]] tarafdori edi.<ref>[[Gardner, Martin]] (September/October 2001). [http://www.csicop.org/si/show/multiverses_and_blackberries "Multiverses„Multiverses and Blackberries"Blackberries“]. "Notes„Notes of a Fringe-Watcher"Watcher“. ''[[Skeptical Inquirer]]''. Volume 25, No. 5.</ref><ref>Price, Michael Clive (February 1995). [http://webarchiveproject.org/32699/ "THE„THE EVERETT Fanlar akademiyasiQ"akademiyasiQ“]. Department of Physics, [[Washington University in St. Louis]]. Retrieved 17 December 2014.</ref>

Bundan tashqari, Hawking Qirollik sanʼat jamiyati va Rim papasi fanlar akademiyasi aʼzosi boʻlgan, [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari]] prezidenti tomonidan Ozodlik medali bilan taqdirlangan. 2002-yilda BBC oʻtkazgan "100„100 eng buyuk britaniyalik"britaniyalik“ soʻrovida 25-oʻrin olgan. 1979—2009-yillar orasida [[ilmiy-ommabop adabiyot|ilmiy-ommabop]] kitoblar yozgan. Ayniqsa uning ''[[Vaqtning qisqa tarixi]]'' kitobi bir necha bor bestseller boʻlgan.

Hawking kam uchrovchi [[motor neyron kasalligi]] bilan ogʻrigan (bu kasallik [[biqin amiotrofik sklerozi]] va [[Lou Gehrig]] kasalligi nomlari bilan ham maʼlum), shu sababli umrining oxirigacha [[falaj]] yashadi.<ref>{{cite news|title=Mind over matter: How Stephen Hawking defied Motor Neurone Disease for 50 years|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/mind-over-matter-how-stephen-hawking-defied-motor-neurone-disease-for-50-years-6286313.html|work=The Independent||date=26 November 2015}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite news |title=How Has Stephen Hawking Lived to 70 with ALS? |url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stephen-hawking-als/ |access-date=23 December 2014 |work=[[Scientific American]] |date=7 January 2012 |quote=Q: How frequent are these cases of very slow-progressing forms of ALS? A: I would say probably less than a few percent.}}</ref> Falajlik ortidan gapirish qobiliyatini yoʻqotgach, u faqatgina [[nutq sintezatori]] orqali aloqa qila olar edi. Hawking 2018-yil 14-martida 76 yoshda vafot etdi.<ref name="NYT=20180314">[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/14/obituaries/stephen-hawking-dead.html "Stephen„Stephen Hawking Dies at 76; His Mind Roamed the Cosmos"Cosmos“], ''[[The New York Times]]''</ref><ref name="IT-20180314">{{cite news |last=Henry |first=David |title=Stephen Hawking, physicist who reshaped cosmology, passes away at 76 |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/physicist-stephen-hawking-passes-away/articleshow/63294700.cms |work=[[The Economic Times]] |date=14 March 2018 |accessdate=15 March 2018}}</ref>

* {{OfficialRasmiy websitesayt|http://hawking.org.uk/}}