a very honest man, descended of a family of middling note, in the country of Surrey, but which having for several generations a large number of children, the not large possessions were split and divided, so that he and his brothers were put to trades; and the sisters were married to tradesmen.[1]

  

Samuel Richardson (1689-yil 19-avgust - 1761-yil 4 -iyulda suvga cho'mgan ) ingliz yozuvchisi va bosmaxona matbaachisi bo'lib, uchta epistolyar romani bilan tanilgan: Pamela; yoki, Fazilat bilan taqdirlangan (1740), Klarissa: Yoki yosh xonimning tarixi (1748) va Ser Charlz Grandisonning tarixi (1753). U London kitob sotuvchisi Endryu Millar bilan vaqti-vaqti bilan ishlagan jurnal va jurnallarni o'z ichiga olgan 500 ga yaqin asarlarni chop etdi. [2] Richardson matbaachiga shogird bo'lgan va qiziga uylangan. U besh o'g'li bilan birga turmush oʼrtogʼini yo'qotdi, lekin qayta turmushga chiqdi va balog'atga etgan to'rtta qizi bor edi, lekin bosmaxonani davom ettirish uchun erkak merosxo'rlar yo'q edi. U tugashi bilan 51 yoshida birinchi romanini yozdi va o'z davrining hayratlanarli yozuvchilari safiga qo'shildi. Etakchi tanishlar orasida Samuel Jonson va Sarah Fielding, shifokor va Behmenist George Cheyne va kitoblarini chop etgan ilohiyotchi va William Lawyozuvchisi bor edi. [3] Qonunning iltimosiga binoan, Richardson John Byrom ba'zi she'rlarini chop etdi. [4] Adabiyotda u Genri Filding bilan raqobatlashdi; ikkalasi bir-birining adabiy uslublariga javob berishdi.

Biografiyasi tahrir

Richardson, to'qqiz farzanddan biri, ehtimol 1689-yilda Derbishirning Mackworth shahrida Samuel va Elizabet Richardsonlar tug'ilgan. [1] Uning Derbishirda qayerda tug'ilgani noma'lum, chunki Richardson har doim joyni yashiringan, ammo yaqinda ma'lum bo'lishicha, Richardson bolaligida qashshoqlikda yashagan. [1] Katta Richardson, yoshi kattaroq edi:

a very honest man, descended of a family of middling note, in the country of Surrey, but which having for several generations a large number of children, the not large possessions were split and divided, so that he and his brothers were put to trades; and the sisters were married to tradesmen.[1]

Uning onasi, Richardsonning so'zlariga ko'ra, "shuningdek, oilaning yaxshi ayoli edi, u befarq bo'lmagan; lekin otasi va onasi go'dakligida, bir-biridan yarim soat ichida, 1665 yilgi London o'latida vafot etgan". [1]  

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Carroll, John (1 January 1972). "Review of Samuel Richardson. A Biography". The Review of English Studies 23 (92).  Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Dobson" defined multiple times with different content
  2. „The manuscripts, Letter from Samuel Richardson to Andrew Millar, 31 July, 1750. Andrew Millar Project. University of Edinburgh“. www.millar-project.ed.ac.uk. Qaraldi: 2016-yil 2-iyun.
  3. The Spiritual Side of Samuel Richardson, Mysticism, Behmenism and Millenarianism in an Eighteenth-Century English Novelist, Gerda J. Joling-van der Sar, 2003, pp. 111–141.
  4. The Spiritual Side of Samuel Richardson, Mysticism, Behmenism and Millenarianism in an Eighteenth-Century English Novelist, Gerda J. Joling-van der Sar, 2003, p. 128.