Ittriy xlorid - binar noorganik birikma, formulasi YCl 3 boʻlgan ittriy metallining xlorid kislota bilan tuzi, rangsiz kristall modda, suvda eriydi, kristall gidratlar hosil qiladi.
Xlor ning ittriy metaliga taʼsiri:
2
Y
+
3
C
l
2
→
100
−
200
o
C
2
Y
C
l
3
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Y+3Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {100-200^{o}C}}\ 2YCl_{3}}}}
Xlorning ittiriy oksidiga qaytaruvchilar ishtirokida taʼsiri:
Y
2
O
3
+
3
C
l
2
+
C
→
750
−
850
o
C
2
Y
C
l
3
+
3
C
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Y_{2}O_{3}+3Cl_{2}+C\ {\xrightarrow {750-850^{o}C}}\ 2YCl_{3}+3CO}}}
2
Y
+
6
H
C
l
→
2
Y
C
l
3
+
3
H
2
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2Y+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YCl_{3}+3H_{2}}}}
Y
2
O
3
+
6
H
C
l
→
2
Y
C
l
3
+
3
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Y_{2}O_{3}+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YCl_{3}+3H_{2}O}}}
Y
(
O
H
)
3
+
3
H
C
l
→
Y
C
l
3
+
3
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Y(OH)_{3}+3HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YCl_{3}+3H_{2}O}}}
Y
2
S
3
+
6
H
C
l
→
2
Y
C
l
3
+
3
H
2
S
↑
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {Y_{2}S_{3}+6HCl\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YCl_{3}+3H_{2}S\uparrow }}}
Fizikaviy hossalari
tahrir
Ittriy xlorid monoklinik singoniyali rangsiz kristallar hosil qiladi, fazoviy guruh C 2/m a = 0,692 nm, b = 1,192 nm, c = 0,633 nm, b = 111,0 °, Z = 4.
Suv va etanolda yaxshi eriydi. Dietil efirda erimaydi.
YCl 3 •H 2 O va YCl 3 •6H 2 O tarkibidagi kristall gidratlarni hosil qiladi.
Kimyoviy xossalari
tahrir
Suvsiz tuz kristall gidratni quruq vodorod xlorid atmosferasida quritish orqali olinadi:
Y
C
l
3
⋅
6
H
2
O
→
−
H
2
O
100
o
C
Y
C
l
3
⋅
H
2
O
→
−
H
2
O
160
o
C
,
H
C
l
Y
C
l
3
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}\cdot 6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{100^{o}C}}\ YCl_{3}\cdot H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{160^{o}C,HCl}}\ YCl_{3}}}}
Qizdirilganda kristall gidrat parchalanadi:
Y
C
l
3
⋅
6
H
2
O
→
150
−
270
o
C
Y
O
C
l
+
2
H
C
l
+
5
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}\cdot 6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {150-270^{o}C}}\ YOCl+2HCl+5H_{2}O}}}
Qaynoq suv bilan reaksiyaga kirishadi:
Y
C
l
3
+
2
H
2
O
→
100
o
C
Y
C
l
(
O
H
)
2
+
2
H
C
l
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+2H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {100^{o}C}}\ YCl(OH)_{2}+2HCl}}}
Y
C
l
3
+
3
N
a
O
H
→
Y
(
O
H
)
3
+
3
N
a
C
l
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+3NaOH\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ Y(OH)_{3}+3NaCl}}}
Almashinuv reaktsiyalariga kiradi:
Y
C
l
3
+
H
F
→
Y
F
3
↓
+
3
H
C
l
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+HF\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YF_{3}\downarrow +3HCl}}}
Ittriy xloriddan ishqoriy metallar tomonidan siqib chiqariladi:
Y
C
l
3
+
3
L
i
→
250
−
300
o
C
Y
+
3
L
i
C
l
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+3Li\ {\xrightarrow {250-300^{o}C}}\ Y+3LiCl}}}
Baʼzi metallarning xloridlari bilan murakkab tuzlar hosil boʻladi:
2
Y
C
l
3
+
3
P
t
C
l
2
+
4
H
2
O
→
2
Y
C
l
3
⋅
3
P
t
C
l
2
⋅
4
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {2YCl_{3}+3PtCl_{2}+4H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2YCl_{3}\cdot 3PtCl_{2}\cdot 4H_{2}O}}}
Y
C
l
3
+
2
A
u
C
l
3
+
16
H
2
O
→
Y
C
l
3
⋅
2
A
u
C
l
3
⋅
16
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+2AuCl_{3}+16H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YCl_{3}\cdot 2AuCl_{3}\cdot 16H_{2}O}}}
Y
C
l
3
+
3
H
g
C
l
2
+
9
H
2
O
→
Y
C
l
3
⋅
3
H
g
C
l
2
⋅
9
H
2
O
{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}+3HgCl_{2}+9H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ YCl_{3}\cdot 3HgCl_{2}\cdot 9H_{2}O}}}
Qo'llanilishi
tahrir
Ittriyni tozalash uchun ishlatiladi.
Химическая энциклопедия . М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. ISBN 5-82270-035-5 . Справочник химика , 3-е изд., испр, Л.: Химия, 1971. Лидин Р.А. и др.. Химические свойства неорганических веществ: Учеб. пособие для вузов , 3-е изд., испр, М.: Химия, 2000. ISBN 5-7245-1163-0 . Рипан Р., Четяну И.. Неорганическая химия. Химия металлов . М.: Мир, 1972.
![{\displaystyle {\mathsf {YCl_{3}\cdot 6H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{100^{o}C}}\ YCl_{3}\cdot H_{2}O\ {\xrightarrow[{-H_{2}O}]{160^{o}C,HCl}}\ YCl_{3}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/205ebef97af670628c007d507ce5373bc2509b26)
