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'''Daejeon ''' - [[Janubiy_Koreya|Janubiy Koreyaning]] markazida joylashgan [[Koreyaning_shaharlari|shahar]]. U Janubiy Koreyada joylashgan beshinchi eng katta shahar xisoblanadi. 2005 yilning ohirida uning aholisi 1,442,856 edi. U [["Gyeongbu"]], [["Honam"]], [["Gyeongbu"]] temir yo'llari va [["Honam"]] tez yurar yo'llari kesishmasida joylashgan. Shahar chegarasida 200 dan ortiq ilmiy-tadqiqot institutlari mavjud bo'lgan [["Daedeok Ilmiy shahri"]] joylashgan
==Tarixi ==
[[Image:Daejeon Government Complex.jpg|thumb|left|National Government Complex, Daejeon.]]
The Daejeon area was historically known as ''Hanbat'' ([[Hangul|한밭]]), a native Korean term for "large field", during the [[Joseon Dynasty]]. The term "Daejeon" simply means the same thing in [[Hanja]].
Historically, Daejeon was a small village without many residents.{{Nonspecific|date=July 2007}} However, in [[1905]], the [[Gyeongbu railway]] began operations from [[Seoul]] to [[Busan]], opening a station at Daejeon. Soon after, in [[1926]], under rule of the Japanese government, the [[Honam railway]] was built between Daejeon and [[Mokpo]], transforming the latter into a major transportation hub.{{Verify source|date=July 2007}} Because of its geographical location and proximity to means of transportation, Daejeon grew quickly.
In [[1932]], the capital of [[Chungnam]] province moved from [[Gongju]] to Daejeon. After numerous changes were made to the city boundaries, among them one that effectively made the nearby town of [[Daedeok]] a part of the city in [[1983]], Daejeon became a [[Metropolitan cities of South Korea|metropolitan city]] in [[1995]].
In [[1997]], the [[Daejeon Government Complex]] was constructed in order to decentralize the population of South Korea from Seoul.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.chungsa.go.kr/chungsa/cms/7/1/3/1/1.html
| title = Daejeon Government Complex
| accessdate = 2007-02-22
| publisher = Government Buildings Management Service
}}</ref> The population of Daejeon increased dramatically as a result.<ref>{{cite news
|first = Changyeop
|last = Oh
|title = Daejeon, Larger Population than Gwangju
|url = http://www.prometheus.co.kr/articles/113/20060322/20060322151300.html
|work = Prometheus
|date = [[2006-03-22]]
|accessdate = 2007-02-22
|language = Korean
|quote = 이러한 대전의 인구증가 요인은 지난 1998년 정부 대전청사 이전과 철도시설공단, 행정중심복합도시 건설청 등이 자리를 잡은 것과 관련이 있다.
}}</ref>
Today, Daejeon's population growth is the second highest in the country, after Seoul, resulting in a large number of new apartment complex projects and hi-tech industries in [[Yuseong-gu]].{{Dubious|Population growth|date=March 2008}}
== Geografiyasi ==
[[Image:Hiking path along Gapcheon in Daejeon.jpg|thumb|left|Hiking path along Gapcheon.]]
Daejeon lies between latitudes N36°10'50" to N36°29'47" and longitudes E127°14'54" to E127°33'21" near the middle of [[South Korea]]. It is 167.3 km from [[Seoul]], 294 km from [[Busan]] and 169 km from [[Gwangju]]. [[Sejong City]], which is planned to be the new administrative capital of [[South Korea]], will also be close by.{{Fact|date=August 2007}} The city is surrounded by several mountains, and [[Gyeryongsan National Park]] straddles the city border to the west. Three streams which eventually join with [[Geum River]], called Gapcheon ([[Hangul|갑천]]), Yudeungcheon ([[Hangul|유등천]]), and Daejeoncheon ([[Hangul|대전천]]), flow through the city from south to north.
[[Image:Map Daejeon-gwangyeoksi.png|thumb|150px|right|Administrative divisions of Daejeon.]]
== Ma'muriy bo'linishi ==
Daejeon is divided into 5 wards ("[[Administrative divisions of South Korea|Gu]]"):
* [[Daedeok-gu, Daejeon|Daedeok-gu]] ([[Hangul|대덕구]]; [[Hanja|大德區]])
* [[Dong-gu, Daejeon|Dong-gu]] ([[Hangul|동구]]; [[Hanja|東區]])
* [[Jung-gu, Daejeon|Jung-gu]] ([[Hangul|중구]]; [[Hanja|中區]])
* [[Seo-gu, Daejeon|Seo-gu]] ([[Hangul|서구]]; [[Hanja|西區]])
* [[Yuseong-gu, Daejeon|Yuseong-gu]] ([[Hangul|유성구]]; [[Hanja|儒城區]])
== Ta'limi ==
[[Image:Information and Communications University Main Buildings.jpg|thumb|left|Information and Communications University.]]
{{main|List of Universities in Daejeon}}
{{see also|Category:Universities and colleges in Daejeon}}
Being known as the Silicon Valley of Korea, Daejeon is home of various private and public Research Institutes, Centers and Science parks (i.e. R&D centers of [[Samsung]], [[LG]], [[Korea University of Science and Technology]] & others are located within [[Daedeok Science Town]] in [[Yuseong-gu]].
<br /><br />
The [[Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology]] is an institution of [[higher education]] focused on research in science and technology, and was ranked as the best Asian science and technology school by Asiaweek in 2000.<ref>{{cite news
|title=Asia's Best Universities 2000
|url=http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/features/universities2000/scitech/sci.overall.html
|work=[[Asiaweek]]
|date=[[2000-06-30]]
|accessdate=2007-02-21
}}</ref> It is also home to the [[Information and Communications University]], which specializes in research in [[information technology]], and [[Daejeon Science High School]], which is a selective high school focused on teaching science.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.djs.hs.kr/
| title = Daejeon Science High School
| accessdate = 2007-02-21
| language = Korean
}} [[Education in South Korea#Secondary education|High schools in South Korea]] usually do not require special entrance exams.</ref><!-- unnecessary URL cite if school has its own page; comment still valid -->
[[Chungnam National University]], a major [[National universities in South Korea|national university]] established for the [[South Chungcheong]] province, and [[Pai Chai University]], which is one of the oldest private universities in South Korea, are also located within the city.
== Ilm va tadqiqot ==
{{main|List of research institutes in Daejeon}}
Daejeon features twenty-three research institutes. Best known among them are the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), a leader in nuclear power, the Electronic and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) whose WiBro technology has been adopted as the international standard for 3G wireless communication, the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), developer of the KOMPSTAT satellite program and the National Fusion Research Institute which just unveiled the KSTAR nuclear fusion reactor.
== Madaniyati ==
[[Image:Daejeon Expo Science Park (dry river).jpg|thumb|300px|Expo Science Park.]]
In [[1993]], an international exposition ([[Expo '93]]) was held at Daejeon. Several landmarks such as the Hanbat Tower and the Expo Bridge were built at this time. After the exposition ended, the grounds were refurbished as [[Expo Science Park]]. Next to the park is the [[National Science Museum (South Korea)|National Science Museum]], which had moved to its current location in [[1990]].<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.science.go.kr/center/eng/html/guide/guide_c__0010.html
| title = History
| work = [http://www.science.go.kr/index_eng.html National Science Museum of Korea]
| accessdate = 2007-02-28
}}</ref>
[http://tour.daejeon.go.kr/english/goodsights/theeightsights/theeightsights.jsp There are a lot of sight seeing locations in Daejeon]. Most of the cultural centres and sight seeing places are located in [[Yuseong-gu]] district with the exception of Ppun park and Daejeon Zoo.
The [[Daejeon Museum of Art]], located in Dunsan Grand Park, is an art museum focused on the convergence of art and technology. Since it was established in [[1998]], numerous exhibitions on contemporary art have been held. Other cultural landmarks include the [[Daejeon Philharmonic Orchestra]], which recently began touring internationally as a cultural symbol of the city.
The [[Daejeon World Cup Stadium]] was constructed in preparation for the [[2002 FIFA World Cup]]. Several games have been held there, including the [[South Korean national football team|South Korea]] vs. [[Italian national football team|Italy]] match in the second round. It is also the current home for the [[K-League]] football club [[Daejeon Citizen]], and [[Korea National League|National League]] side [[Daejeon Hydro & Nuclear Power FC]].
Daejeon also hosts amateur football club [[Daejeon de la Cuba]], which plays in the [[Super Sunday Football League]].
The city is home to [[LPGA]] golfers [[Se Ri Pak]] and [[Jang Jeong]], as well as the South Korean actor [[Kwon Sang-woo]]. Daejeon is also the hometown of former [[New York Mets]] left-handed reliever [[Dae-Sung Koo]].
== Transporti ==
[[Image:Daejeon train station.jpg|thumb|left|Daejeon train station.]]
Daejeon is a center of transportation in South Korea, where two major expressways, [[Gyeongbu highway]] and [[Honam highway]], and two major railways, [[Gyeongbu railway]] and [[Honam railway]], are joined. Travel time between Daejeon and [[Seoul]] using the high-speed railway system, otherwise known as [[KTX]], is about fifty minutes. The nearest airport to Daejeon is [[Cheongju Airport]], about a thirty-minute drive north of Daejeon.
=== Yer osti yo'llari ===
A subway system with five lines is undergoing planning and construction in Daejeon. The first part of this system, [[Daejeon Subway Line 1]] began operation on [[March 16]], [[2006]], and entire line was operating as of [[April 17]], [[2007]]. It is notably different from the system used in Seoul in its smaller car width; lack of doors between cars; fewer number of cars, use of four cars to a train instead of ten; and free space under the seats.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://myiris.egloos.com/2409333
| title = Riding Daejeon Subway
| work = [http://myiris.egloos.com/ iris's talk on above 18 & computers & and society]
| date = [[2006-05-08]]
| accessdate = 2007-02-28
| language = Korean
}}</ref> The subway also uses round tokens instead of flat magnetic tickets as is the case with Seoul - the tokens are pressed into a sensor when passing the turnstiles, and inserted into a slot on the other side when getting out. The nature of the tokens allows them to be used for advertising as well.<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://kfaction.egloos.com/1633853
| title = Visiting Daejeon Subway
| work = [http://kfaction.egloos.com/ Korean Faction]
| date = [[2006-03-17]]
| accessdate = 2007-02-28
| language = Korean
| quote = 뒷면에는 대전소재 배재대학교의 광고가 새겨져있었습니다.
}}</ref> [[Platform screen doors]] are installed in the subway stations.
== Markaziy tadbirkorlik hududi ==
[[Image:Panorama_-_Daejeon_Dunsan.jpg|thumb|400px|Panoramic View in Dunsan.]]
Daejeon has become the recipient of the country's effort to decentralize certain ministries of the national government. The middle of the city or the new central business district called Dunsan is where the effort has manifested itself. Newer apartment complexes, albeit structurally similar to that of the rest of the city, sprung up around the new government structures being constructed concurrently in just a few short years starting from the mid-1990s. Newer municipal buildings including the city's courts and the province's main parliamentary building soon followed. The result is a several square mile neighbourhood full of restaurants, standard Korean western-type bars and coffee shops. The area is a place for the workers of the new Daejeon to live close to their offices, most able to walk to work, and dine and shop in a new urban environment.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
== Qo'shni mamlakatlar ==
*{{flagicon|Japan}} [[Oda, Shimane|Oda]], [[Japan]] — 1987
*{{flagicon|United States}} [[Seattle]], [[United States]] — 1989
*{{flagicon|Hungary}} [[Budapest]], [[Hungary]] — 1994
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Nanjing]], [[China]] — 1994
*{{flagicon|Canada}} [[Calgary]], [[Canada]] — 1996
*{{flagicon|Mexico}} [[Guadalajara, Jalisco|Guadalajara]], [[Mexico]] — 1997
*{{flagicon|Sweden}} [[Uppsala]], [[Sweden]] — 1999
*{{flagicon|Russia}} [[Novosibirsk]], [[Russia]] — 2001
*{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Brisbane City Council|Brisbane]], [[Australia]] — 2002
*{{flagicon|Vietnam}} [[Binh Duong]], [[Vietnam]] — 2005
*{{flagicon|China}} [[Wuxi]], [[China]] — 2006
==See also==
* [[List of cities in South Korea]]
* [[List of Korea-related topics]]
== Adabiyotlar ==
{{reflist}}
== Foydalanish uchun resurslar ==
{{commons}}
*[http://www.daejeon.go.kr/english/index.jsp Daejeon Metropolitan Government]
*[http://tour.daejeon.go.kr/english Daejeon Tour]
*[http://www.yuseong.daejeon.kr/html/en/ Yuseong-gu District Website]
*[http://www.seogu.go.kr/ Seo-gu District Website]
*[http://www.daedeok.go.kr/ Daedeok-gu District Website]
*[http://www.donggu.go.kr/english Dong-gu District Website]
*{{wikitravel}}
*{{dmoz|Regional/Asia/South_Korea/Daejeon/}}
{{Geolinks-cityscale|36.3501|127.3849}}
{{Regions of Daejeon}}
{{regions and administrative divisions of South Korea}}
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