|
1999 yil noyabr oyida YUNESCO Bosh konferensiyasining Parijda bo`lgan 30-majlisida Markaziy Osiyoning qadim shahrlaridan biri Termiz shahrining 2500 yillik yubileyini 2001 yilda xalqaro miqyosda nishonlashga qaror qilindi. Mazkur qaror munosabati bilan Ozbekiston Respublikasi Vazirlar Mahkamasi 1999 yilning 27 dekabrida "Termiz shahrining 2500 yillik yubileyini 2001 yilda o`tkazish va unga tayyorgarlik ko`rish to`g`risida" maxsus qaror qabul qilindi.
Mustaqillik yillarida Termiz chiroyini yanada ochdi, shahar ko`chalari boshqadan qurilib, ravon va keng ko`chalarga aylantirildi, istirohat bog`lari, sharqona usuldagi muhtasham va obod bozorlar, zamonaviy ma`muriy binolar, o`yingohlar, teatr va kinoteatrlar, ilm-fan maskanlari barpo etildi, borlari ta`mirlandi. Qisqasi, shaharning qiyofasi tanib bo`lmas darajada o`zgardiki, bu o`z navbatida har bir termizlik qalbida quvonch va faxrlanish hissini uyg`otmoqda.
'''Termez''' is administrative centre of the southmost region of the country - of [[Surkhandarya]], and at the same is the southmost town of the country.
Town is located on the river [[Amu-Darya]], which at the same time serves as a borderline with [[Afghanistan]]. Although majority of population are uzbeks, tajiks play very important part in forming the demographic map of the whole Surkhandarya region, including Termez as well. Russians and Turkmen follow tajiks.
Local people's main employment source is agriculture, although town has a number of small to medium size companies involved in, again, reprocessing the agricultural products and producing raw materials designed for further use in the final stages of manufacturing process (raw-material base).
Although economic recession and stagnation is believed to damage the consumption and saving power of people, even with constant increases in tuition fees, Termez State University is considered to be one of the highly competitive universities in the area (in the South), partly owing to its being only University in Surkhandarya, whereas Samarkand, a region one over after Kashkadarya towards North has a fewer more than 5: locals tend to prefer to send their children to Termez, mainly because of heavy financial burden of sending them further North - expensive areas.
The river [[Amu Darya]] divides the two countries and the "[[Afghanistan-Central Asia|Bridge of Appeasement]]" is the only way to [[Afghanistan]].
An ancient settlement was discovered near Termez, which was populated in the times of the Greek-Bactrain rules (3rd - 2nd c. B.C).
It was center of [[Buddhism]] at the period of [[Kushans]] (1st -2nd c. A.C.) When Arabs came (in the 7th -8th c.) the city became the center of [[Islam]]. During Amir Timur's time Termez continued to prosper, however it was destroyed at the end of 17th century.
In 1897 the modern city emerged with Russian fortress and garrison. Termez was a primary transit point during the Soviet occupation (1979-89) of Afghanistan.
Historical and architectural monuments of Termez:
*Kyrk-Kyz (out-of-town Palace Country Estate) (9th -14th c.)
*Palace of Termez rulers (11th -12th c.)
*Architectural Complex of Khakim-at-Termezi (10th -15th c.)
*Architectural Ensemble Sultan-Saodat (10th - 18th c.)
*Kokildora Mausoleum-Khanaka (16th c.)
*Kara-Tepe Monastery (2nd - 4th c. A.D.)
*Fayaz-Tepe Monastery (1st - 3rd c. A.D.)
*Zurmala Tower (1st -2nd c. A.D.)
For more archaeological news about the ancient city of Termez, see the web site of the French-Uzbek mission http://ximebenj.club.fr/index.htm.
During the [[Soviet war in Afghanistan|war in Afghanistan]] (1979-89) over 100,000 [[Soviet Military|Soviet troops]] were based in Termez. The [[airbase]] is currently the main support base for [[Bundeswehr|German]] and [[Military of the Netherlands|Dutch]] forces operating with the [[International Security Assistance Force|ISAF]] in Afghanistan.
== Weblinks ==
*[http://archaeomuseum.freenet.uz http://archaeomuseum.freenet.uz]
*[http://foto.rambler.ru/users/gmamedaliev/termez/ Termez Photos]
{{uzgeo-stub}}
[[Category:Oʻzbekiston: Shaharlar]]
[[Turkum:Surxondaryo viloyati]]
[[ar:ترمذ]]
| 