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Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti sovrindorlari roʻyxati

Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti (shvedcha: Nobelpriset i fysik) — har yili Shvetsiya Qirollik Fanlar Akademiyasi tomonidan fizikaning turli sohalaridagi olimlarga beriladi. Bu 1895-yilda Alfred Nobel (1896-yilda vafot etgan) vasiyatiga koʻra taʼsis etilgan beshta Nobel mukofotidan biri boʻlib, fizika sohasidagi ulkan xizmatlari uchun beriladi[1]. Nobel vasiyatiga koʻra, mukofot Nobel jamgʻarmasi tomonidan boshqariladi va Shvetsiya Qirollik Fanlar akademiyasi tomonidan beriladi[2]. Mukofot Stokgolmda har yili 10 dekabrda Nobel vafotining yilligi munosabati bilan oʻtkaziladigan tantanali marosimda topshiriladi[3]. Har bir oluvchi yil davomida oʻzgarib turadigan medal, diplom va pul mukofotini oladi[4].

Fayl:Nobel medal.png
Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti medalining old tomoni. 1947-yilda Edvard Viktor Appletonga taqdim etilgan.

Mukofot sovrindorlari roʻyxati tahrir

Yil Surat Laureat

(yashagan yillari)[A]

Davlat[B] Mukofotlanish sababi[C] Manba
1901   Wilhelm Röntgen

(1845–1923)

  {{{name}}} "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him" [5]
1902   Hendrik Lorentz (1853–1928)   Netherlands "in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena" [6]
  Pieter Zeeman (1865–1943)
1903   Henri Becquerel (1852–1908)   France "for his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity" [7]
  Pierre Curie (1859–1906) "for their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel" [7]
  Marie Curie (1867–1934)   Poland
  France
1904   Lord Rayleigh (1842–1919)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies" [8]
1905   Philipp Lenard (1862–1947)   {{{name}}} "for his work on cathode rays" [9]
1906   J. J. Thomson (1856–1940)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases" [10]
1907   Albert A. Michelson (1852–1931)   AQSh "for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid" [11]
1908   Gabriel Lippmann (1845–1921)   France "for his method of reproducing colours photographically based on the phenomenon of interference" [12]
1909   Guglielmo Marconi (1874–1937)   Kingdom of Italy "for their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy" [13]
  Karl Ferdinand Braun (1850–1918)   {{{name}}}
1910   Johannes Diderik van der Waals (1837–1923)   Netherlands "for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids" [14]
1911   Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928)   {{{name}}} "for his discoveries regarding the laws governing the radiation of heat" [15]
1912   Gustaf Dalén (1869–1937)   Sweden "for his invention of automatic valves designed to be used in combination with gas accumulators in lighthouses and buoys" [16]
1913   Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (1853–1926)   Netherlands "for his investigations on the properties of matter at low temperatures which led, inter alia, to the production of liquid helium" [17]
1914   Max von Laue (1879–1960)   {{{name}}} "For his discovery of the diffraction of X-rays by crystals", an important step in the development of X-ray spectroscopy. [18]
1915   William Henry Bragg (1862–1942)   Buyuk Britaniya "'For their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays', an important step in the development of X-ray crystallography" [19]
  Lawrence Bragg (1890–1971)   Buyuk Britaniya
1916 Not awarded due to World War I
1917   Charles Glover Barkla (1877–1944)   Buyuk Britaniya "'For his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements', another important step in the development of X-ray spectroscopy" [20]
1918   Max Planck (1858–1947)   {{{name}}} "for the services he rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy quanta" [21]
1919   Johannes Stark (1874–1957) Andoza:Country data Weimar Republic "for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields" [22]
1920   Charles Édouard Guillaume (1861–1938)    Switzerland "for the service he has rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel-steel alloys" [23]
1921   Albert Einstein (1879–1955) Andoza:Country data Weimar Republic
   Switzerland 		"for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect" [24]
1922   Niels Bohr (1885–1962)   Denmark "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them" [25]
1923   Robert Andrews Millikan (1868–1953)   AQSh "for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect" [26]
1924   Manne Siegbahn (1886–1978)   Sweden "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy" [27]
1925   James Franck (1882–1964) Andoza:Country data Weimar Republic "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom" [28]
  Gustav Hertz (1887–1975)
1926   Jean Baptiste Perrin (1870–1942)   France "for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium" [29]
1927   Arthur Compton (1892–1962)   AQSh "for his discovery of the effect named after him" [30]
  Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (1869–1959)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour" [30]
1928   Owen Willans Richardson (1879–1959)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him" [31]
1929   Louis Victor Pierre Raymond, 7th Duc de Broglie (1892–1987)   France "for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons" [32]
1930   C. V. Raman (1888–1970)   India "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him" [33]
1931 Not awarded
1932   Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976) Andoza:Country data Weimar Republic "for the creation of quantum mechanics, the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen" [34]
1933   Erwin Schrödinger (1887–1961)   Austria "for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory" [35]
  Paul Dirac (1902–1984)   Buyuk Britaniya
1934 Not awarded
1935   James Chadwick (1891–1974)   Buyuk Britaniya "for the discovery of the neutron" [36]
1936   Victor Francis Hess (1883–1964)   Austria "for his discovery of cosmic radiation" [37]
  Carl David Anderson (1905–1991)   AQSh "for his discovery of the positron" [37]
1937   Clinton Davisson (1881–1958)   AQSh "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals" [38]
  George Paget Thomson (1892–1975)   Buyuk Britaniya
1938   Enrico Fermi (1901–1954)   Kingdom of Italy "for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons" [39]
1939   Ernest Lawrence (1901–1958)   AQSh "for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements" [40]
1940 Not awarded due to World War II
1941 Not awarded due to World War II
1942 Not awarded due to World War II
1943   Otto Stern (1888–1969)   AQSh "for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton" [41][42]
1944   Isidor Isaac Rabi (1898–1988)   AQSh "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei" [43]
1945   Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958)   Austria "for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli principle" [44]
1946   Percy Williams Bridgman (1882–1961)   AQSh "for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made there within the field of high pressure physics" [45]
1947   Edward Victor Appleton (1892–1965)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer" [46]
1948   Patrick Blackett (1897–1974)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation" [47]
1949   Hideki Yukawa (1907–1981)   Japan "for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces" [48]
1950   C. F. Powell (1903–1969)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method" [49]
1951   John Cockcroft (1897–1967)   Buyuk Britaniya "for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles" [50]
  Ernest Walton (1903–1995)   Ireland
1952   Felix Bloch (1905–1983)   AQSh "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith" [51]
  Edward Mills Purcell (1912–1997)
1953   Frits Zernike (1888–1966)   Netherlands "for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope" [52]
1954   Max Born (1882–1970)   West Germany "for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics, especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction" [53]
  Walther Bothe (1891–1957) "for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith" [53]
1955   Willis Lamb (1913–2008)   AQSh "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum" [54]
  Polykarp Kusch (1911–1993)   AQSh "for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron" [54]
1956   John Bardeen (1908–1991)   AQSh "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect" [55]
  Walter Houser Brattain (1902–1987)
  William Shockley (1910–1989)
1957   Lee Tsung-Dao (b. 1926)   Xitoy Taypeyi "for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles" [56]
  Yang Chen-Ning (b. 1922)
1958   Pavel Cherenkov (1904–1990)   Soviet Union "for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect" [57]
  Ilya Frank (1908–1990)
  Igor Tamm (1895–1971)
1959   Emilio Segrè (1905–1989)   AQSh "for their discovery of the antiproton" [58]
  Owen Chamberlain (1920–2006)
1960 Fayl:Donald Glaser 1.jpg Donald A. Glaser (1926–2013)   AQSh "for the invention of the bubble chamber" [59]
1961   Robert Hofstadter (1915–1990)   AQSh "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons" [60]
  Rudolf Mössbauer (1929–2011)   West Germany "for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name" [60]
1962   Lev Landau (1908–1968)   Soviet Union "for his pioneering theories for condensed matter, especially liquid helium" [61]
1963   Eugene Wigner (1902–1995)   AQSh "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles" [62]
  Maria Goeppert-Mayer (1906–1972)   AQSh "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure" [62]
  J. Hans D. Jensen (1907–1973)   West Germany
1964   Nikolay Basov (1922–2001)   Soviet Union "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser–laser principle" [63]
  Alexander Prokhorov (1916–2002)
Fayl:Charles Townes Nobel.jpg Charles H. Townes (1915–2015)   AQSh
1965 Fayl:Richard Feynman Nobel.jpg Richard Feynman (1918–1988)   AQSh "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles" [64]
  Julian Schwinger (1918–1994)
  Shin'ichirō Tomonaga (1906–1979)   Japan
1966   Alfred Kastler (1902–1984)   France "for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms" [65]
1967   Hans Bethe (1906–2005)   AQSh "for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars" [66]
1968   Luis Alvarez (1911–1988)   AQSh "for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis" [67]
1969   Murray Gell-Mann (1929–2019)   AQSh "for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions" [68]
1970   Hannes Alfvén (1908–1995)   Sweden "for fundamental work and discoveries in magneto-hydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics" [69]
  Louis Néel (1904–2000)   France "for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics" [69]
1971   Dennis Gabor (1900–1979)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his invention and development of the holographic method" [70]
1972   John Bardeen (1908–1991)   AQSh "for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory" [71]
  Leon Cooper (b. 1930)
  John Robert Schrieffer (1931–2019)
1973   Leo Esaki (b. 1925)   Japan "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively" [72]
  Ivar Giaever (b. 1929)   AQSh
Brian Josephson (b. 1940)   Buyuk Britaniya "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect" [72]
1974   Martin Ryle (1918–1984)   Buyuk Britaniya "for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics: Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars" [73]
  Antony Hewish (1924–2021)
1975   Aage Bohr (1922–2009)   Denmark "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection" [74]
  Ben Roy Mottelson (1926–2022)
  James Rainwater (1917–1986)   AQSh
1976   Samuel C. C. Ting (b. 1936)   AQSh "for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle of a new kind" [75]
  Burton Richter (1931–2018)
1977   Philip Warren Anderson (1923–2020)   AQSh "for their fundamental theoretical investigations of the electronic structure of magnetic and disordered systems" [76]
  Nevill Francis Mott (1905–1996)   Buyuk Britaniya
  John Hasbrouck Van Vleck (1899–1980)   AQSh
1978   Pyotr Kapitsa (1894–1984)   Soviet Union "for his basic inventions and discoveries in the area of low-temperature physics" [77]
  Arno Allan Penzias (1933–2024)   AQSh "for their discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation" [77]
  Robert Woodrow Wilson (b. 1936)
1979   Sheldon Glashow (b. 1932)   AQSh "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current" [78]
  Abdus Salam (1926–1996)   Pakistan
  Steven Weinberg (1933–2021)   AQSh
1980   James Cronin (1931–2016)   AQSh "for the discovery of violations of fundamental symmetry principles in the decay of neutral K-mesons" [79]
  Val Logsdon Fitch (1923–2015)
1981   Nicolaas Bloembergen (1920–2017)   AQSh "for their contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy" [80]
  Arthur Leonard Schawlow (1921–1999)
  Kai Siegbahn (1918–2007)   Sweden "for his contribution to the development of high-resolution electron spectroscopy" [80]
1982   Kenneth G. Wilson (1936–2013)   AQSh "for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions" [81]
1983   Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1910–1995) "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars" [82]
  William Alfred Fowler (1911–1995)   AQSh "for his theoretical and experimental studies of the nuclear reactions of importance in the formation of the chemical elements in the universe" [82]
1984   Carlo Rubbia (b. 1934)   Italy "for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction" [83]
  Simon van der Meer (1925–2011)   Netherlands
1985   Klaus von Klitzing (b. 1943)   West Germany "for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect" [84]
1986   Ernst Ruska (1906–1988)   West Germany "for his fundamental work in electron optics, and for the design of the first electron microscope" [85]
  Gerd Binnig (b. 1947)   West Germany "for their design of the scanning tunneling microscope" [85]
  Heinrich Rohrer (1933–2013)    Switzerland
1987   Georg Bednorz (b. 1950)   West Germany "for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials" [86]
  K. Alex Müller (1927–2023)    Switzerland
1988   Leon M. Lederman (1922–2018)   AQSh "for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino" [87]
  Melvin Schwartz (1932–2006)
  Jack Steinberger (1921–2020)
1989   Norman Foster Ramsey Jr. (1915–2011)   AQSh "for the invention of the separated oscillatory fields method and its use in the hydrogen maser and other atomic clocks" [88]
  Hans Georg Dehmelt (1922–2017) "for the development of the ion trap technique" [88]
  Wolfgang Paul (1913–1993)   West Germany
1990   Jerome I. Friedman (b. 1930)   AQSh "for their pioneering investigations concerning deep inelastic scattering of electrons on protons and bound neutrons, which have been of essential importance for the development of the quark model in particle physics" [89]
  Henry Way Kendall (1926–1999)
  Richard E. Taylor (1929–2018)   Kanada
1991   Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932–2007)   France "for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers" [90]
1992   Georges Charpak (1924–2010)   France "for his invention and development of particle detectors, in particular the multiwire proportional chamber" [91]
1993   Russell Alan Hulse (b. 1950)   AQSh "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation" [92]
  Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr. (b. 1941)
1994   Bertram Brockhouse (1918–2003)   Kanada "for the development of neutron spectroscopy" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter" [93]
  Clifford Shull (1915–2001)   AQSh "for the development of the neutron diffraction technique" and "for pioneering contributions to the development of neutron scattering techniques for studies of condensed matter" [93]
1995   Martin Lewis Perl (1927–2014)   AQSh "for the discovery of the tau lepton" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics" [94]
  Frederick Reines (1918–1998) "for the detection of the neutrino" and "for pioneering experimental contributions to lepton physics" [94]
1996   David Lee (b. 1931)   AQSh "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3" [95]
  Douglas D. Osheroff (b. 1945)
  Robert Coleman Richardson (1937–2013)
1997   Steven Chu (b. 1948)   AQSh "for development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light." [96]
  Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (b. 1933)   France
  William Daniel Phillips (b. 1948)   AQSh
1998   Robert B. Laughlin (b. 1950)   AQSh "for their discovery of a new form of quantum fluid with fractionally charged excitations" [97]
  Horst Ludwig Störmer (b. 1949)   Germaniya
  Daniel C. Tsui (b. 1939)   AQSh
1999   Gerard 't Hooft (b. 1946)   Netherlands "for elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics" [98]
  Martinus J. G. Veltman (1931–2021)
2000   Zhores Alferov (1930–2019)   Russia "for developing semiconductor heterostructures used in high-speed- and optoelectronics" [99]
  Herbert Kroemer (1928–2024)   Germaniya
  Jack Kilby (1923–2005)   AQSh "for his part in the invention of the integrated circuit" [99]
2001   Eric Allin Cornell (b. 1961)   AQSh "for the achievement of Bose–Einstein condensation in dilute gases of alkali atoms, and for early fundamental studies of the properties of the condensates" [100]
  Carl Wieman (b. 1951)
  Wolfgang Ketterle (b. 1957)   Germaniya
2002   Raymond Davis Jr. (1914–2006)   AQSh "for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic neutrinos" [101]
  Masatoshi Koshiba (1926–2020)   Japan
  Riccardo Giacconi (1931–2018)   AQSh
  Italy 		"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources" [101]
2003   Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov (1928–2017)   Russia
  AQSh 		"for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids" [102]
  Vitaly Ginzburg (1916–2009)   Russia
  Anthony James Leggett (b. 1938)   Buyuk Britaniya
  AQSh
2004   David Gross (b. 1941)   AQSh "for the discovery of asymptotic freedom in the theory of the strong interaction" [103]
  Hugh David Politzer (b. 1949)
  Frank Wilczek (b. 1951)
2005   Roy J. Glauber (1925–2018)   AQSh "for his contribution to the quantum theory of optical coherence" [104]
  John L. Hall (b. 1934) "for their contributions to the development of laser-based precision spectroscopy, including the optical frequency comb technique" [104]
  Theodor W. Hänsch (b. 1941)   Germaniya
2006   John C. Mather (b. 1946)   AQSh "for their discovery of the blackbody form and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation" [105]
  George Smoot (b. 1945)
2007   Albert Fert (b. 1938)   France "for the discovery of giant magnetoresistance" [106]
  Peter Grünberg (1939–2018)   Germaniya
2008   Makoto Kobayashi (b. 1944)   Japan "for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature" [107]
  Toshihide Maskawa (1940–2021)
  Yoichiro Nambu (1921–2015)   AQSh "for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics" [107]
2009   Charles K. Kao (1933–2018)   Hong Kong
  Buyuk Britaniya
 "for groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication" [108]
  Willard S. Boyle (1924–2011)   AQSh "for the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit – the CCD sensor" [108]
  George E. Smith (b. 1930)
2010   Andre Geim (b. 1958)   Buyuk Britaniya "for groundbreaking experiments regarding the two-dimensional material graphene" [109]
  Konstantin Novoselov (b. 1974)
2011   Saul Perlmutter (b. 1959)   AQSh "for the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe through observations of distant supernovae" [110]
  Brian P. Schmidt (b. 1967)   Australia
  Adam G. Riess (b. 1969)   AQSh
2012   Serge Haroche (b. 1944)   France "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems." [111]
  David J. Wineland (b. 1944)   AQSh
2013   François Englert (b. 1932)   Belgium "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle, by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider" [112]
  Peter Higgs (b. 1929)   Buyuk Britaniya
2014   Isamu Akasaki (1929–2021)   Japan "for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources" [113]
  Hiroshi Amano (b. 1960)
  Shuji Nakamura (b. 1954)   AQSh
2015   Takaaki Kajita (b. 1959)   Japan "for the discovery of neutrino oscillations, which shows that neutrinos have mass" [114]
  Arthur B. McDonald (b. 1943)   Kanada
2016   David J. Thouless (1934–2019)   Buyuk Britaniya "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter" [115]
  Duncan Haldane (b. 1951)   Buyuk Britaniya
  John M. Kosterlitz (b. 1943)   AQSh  Buyuk Britaniya
2017   Rainer Weiss (b. 1932)   AQSh "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves" [116]
  Kip Thorne (b. 1940)   AQSh
  Barry Barish (b. 1936)
2018   Arthur Ashkin (1922–2020)   AQSh "for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics", in particular "for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems" [117]
  Gérard Mourou (b. 1944)   France "for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics", in particular "for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses"
  Donna Strickland (b. 1959)   Kanada
2019   James Peebles (b. 1935)   AQSh "for theoretical discoveries in physical cosmology" [118]
  Michel Mayor (b. 1942)    Switzerland "for the discovery of an exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star"
  Didier Queloz (b. 1966)   Buyuk Britaniya
  •    Switzerland
  •   United Kingdom


2020   Roger Penrose (b. 1931)   Buyuk Britaniya "for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity" [119]
  Reinhard Genzel (b. 1952)   Germaniya "for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy"
  Andrea M. Ghez (b. 1965)   AQSh
2021   Syukuro Manabe (b. 1931)   AQSh[120] "for the physical modelling of Earth's climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming" [121]
  Klaus Hasselmann (b. 1931)   Germaniya
  Giorgio Parisi (b. 1948)   Italy "for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales"
2022   Alain Aspect (b. 1947)   France "for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science" [122]
  John Clauser (b. 1942)   AQSh
  Anton Zeilinger (b. 1945)   Austria
2023   Anne L'Huillier (b. 1958)
  •   France
  •   Sweden


 "for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter" [123][124]
  Ferenc Krausz (b. 1962)
  •   Austria
  •   Hungary


  Pierre Agostini (b. 1941)   France

Number of Nobel laureates in Physics by country tahrir

Asosiy maqola: List of Nobel laureates by country#Nobel Prizes by category/country of birth
Davlat Nobel mukofoti sovrindorlari soni
  AQSh 90
  Yevropa Ittifoqi 74
  Germaniya 26
  Birlashgan Qirollik 24
  Fransiya 16
  Rossiya 10
  Niderlandiya 9
  Yaponiya 9
  Kanada 6
  Shveysariya 6
  Avstriya 5
  Italiya 6
  Shvetsiya 4
  Daniya 3
  Xitoy Respublikasi (1912–1949) 2
  Vengriya 2
  Xitoy Respublikasi (Taiwan) 2
  Avstraliya 1
  Norvegiya 1
  Polsha 1
  Irlandiya 1
  Pokiston 1
  Belgiya 1
  Hindiston 1

Manbalar tahrir

  1. ↑ „Alfred Nobel – The Man Behind the Nobel Prize“. Nobel Foundation. 2007-yil 25-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 29-oktyabr.
  2. ↑ „The Nobel Prize Awarders“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 29-oktyabr.
  3. ↑ „The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 22-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 29-oktyabr.
  4. ↑ „The Nobel Prize“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 29-oktyabr.
  5. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  6. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1902“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  7. ↑ 7,0 7,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1903“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  8. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1904“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  9. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1905“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  10. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1906“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  11. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1907“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 10-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  12. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1908“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  13. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1909“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 22-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  14. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1910“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  15. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1911“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 10-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  16. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1912“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  17. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1913“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  18. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1914“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  19. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  20. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1917“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2019-yil 9-yanvar.
  21. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1918“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 7-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2019-yil 9-yanvar.
  22. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1919“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 20-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  23. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1920“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 12-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  24. ↑ Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named N1921
  25. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1922“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  26. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1923“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 2-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  27. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1924“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  28. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1925“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  29. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1926“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  30. ↑ 30,0 30,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1927“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  31. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1928“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 2-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  32. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1929“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 24-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  33. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1930“. Nobel Foundation. 2014-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  34. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  35. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1933“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  36. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1935“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  37. ↑ 37,0 37,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1936“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 16-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  38. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1937“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 14-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  39. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1938“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  40. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 24-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  41. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1943“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 28-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  42. ↑ „Otto Stern“. National Academy of Sciences. 2015-yil 12-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 16-oktyabr.
  43. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1944“. Nobel Foundation. 2009-yil 30-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  44. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1945“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  45. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1946“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  46. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1947“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  47. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1948“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 10-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  48. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1949“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  49. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1950“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  50. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1951“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  51. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1952“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  52. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1953“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 2-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  53. ↑ 53,0 53,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1954“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  54. ↑ 54,0 54,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1955“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  55. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1956“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 14-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  56. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1957“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  57. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1958“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  58. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1959“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 28-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  59. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1960“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 6-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  60. ↑ 60,0 60,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1961“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 4-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  61. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1962“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 22-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  62. ↑ 62,0 62,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1963“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 22-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  63. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1964“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  64. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1965“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  65. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1966“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 18-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  66. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1967“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 18-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  67. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1968“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 24-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  68. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1969“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 4-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  69. ↑ 69,0 69,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1970“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  70. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1971“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 5-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  71. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1972“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  72. ↑ 72,0 72,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1973“. Nobel Foundation. 2011-yil 21-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  73. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1974“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 10-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  74. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1975“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  75. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1976“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 14-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  76. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1977“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  77. ↑ 77,0 77,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1978“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  78. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1979“. Nobel Foundation. 2009-yil 26-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  79. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1980“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  80. ↑ 80,0 80,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1981“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 1-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  81. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1982“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  82. ↑ 82,0 82,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1983“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 13-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  83. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1984“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  84. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 14-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  85. ↑ 85,0 85,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1986“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 17-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  86. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1987“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  87. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1988“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  88. ↑ 88,0 88,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1989“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  89. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1990“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 18-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  90. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 2-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  91. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1992“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 22-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  92. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993“. Nobel Foundation. 2013-yil 14-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  93. ↑ 93,0 93,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1994“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 15-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  94. ↑ 94,0 94,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1995“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 28-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  95. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1996“. Nobel Foundation. 2009-yil 12-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  96. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 7-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  97. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  98. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 1999“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  99. ↑ 99,0 99,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2000“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 21-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  100. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 19-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  101. ↑ 101,0 101,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002“. Nobel Foundation. 2009-yil 24-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  102. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  103. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 24-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  104. ↑ 104,0 104,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2005“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 24-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  105. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2006“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  106. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2007“. Nobel Foundation. 2011-yil 5-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2007-yil 9-oktyabr.
  107. ↑ 107,0 107,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008“. Nobel Foundation. 2008-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2008-yil 9-oktyabr.
  108. ↑ 108,0 108,1 „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2009“. Nobel Foundation. 2009-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2009-yil 6-oktyabr.
  109. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2010“. Nobel Foundation. 2010-yil 7-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2010-yil 5-oktyabr.
  110. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011“. Nobel Foundation. 2012-yil 1-avgustda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2011-yil 4-oktyabr.
  111. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2012“. Nobel Foundation. 2012-yil 11-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 9-oktyabr.
  112. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2013 Press Release“. Nobel Foundation. 2013-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2013-yil 8-oktyabr.
  113. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014“. Nobel Foundation. 2014-yil 7-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 7-oktyabr.
  114. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2015“. Nobel Foundation. 2015-yil 6-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2015-yil 5-oktyabr.
  115. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016“. Nobel Foundation. 2016-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2016-yil 4-oktyabr.
  116. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2017“. Nobel Foundation. 2017-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 3-oktyabr.
  117. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2018“. Nobel Foundation. 2018-yil 2-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2018-yil 2-oktyabr.
  118. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2019“. Nobel Foundation. 2019-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2019-yil 8-oktyabr.
  119. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2020“. Nobel Foundation. 2020-yil 6-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 6-oktyabr.
  120. ↑ „He is considered a U.S. citizen by Nobel Prize Committee.“. Reuters. 2021-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 5-oktyabr.
  121. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2021“. Nobel Foundation (2021-yil 5-oktyabr). 2021-yil 5-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-oktyabr.
  122. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2022“. Nobel Foundation (2022-yil 4-oktyabr). 2022-yil 4-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-oktyabr.
  123. ↑ „The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023“. Nobel Foundation (2023-yil 3-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2023-yil 3-oktyabr.
  124. ↑ "Contributors [Back cover"]. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 6 (12). 1970. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=23203. 

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