Peroz II Kushonshoh
Peroz II Kushonshoh (baqtriya yozuvi: Ġrōslo Ěophino phiēo)[1] — 303—330-yillarda Kushanshahlar-Sasanianlar podsholigining oxirgidan oldingi kushanshahi boʻlgan edi[2]. U II Hormizshonning vorisi ekan.
Oʻzidan oldingi ikki salafi — Hormizd I Kushanshah va Hormizd II Kushhanshah singari, Peroz II ham oʻz hukmronligi davrida bir xil tangalar guruhini zarb qilgan boʻlib, Tukharistonning asosiy kushano-sasaniyan bazasidan oltin dinor va mis draxmalarni zarb qilgan edi[3]. Biroq Peroz II oʻz tangalarida „Kushan shohlari podshohi“ emas, balki „Buyuk Kushan shohi“ deb ataladi, shuning uchun ularning Sasanianlar imperiyasi ustidan podshohlik daʼvosidan voz kechadi[3]. Hormizd I Kushanshah hukmronligi davridan boshlab ikki mahalliy hokim — Meze va Kavad nomi bilan mis draxmalar zarb qilingan[3]. Bu Peroz II davrida ham davom etdi[3].
Gandharada Peroz II oʻziga xos „buqa shoxlari toji“ bilan mis tangalarni chiqardi[1]. Biroq, u Gandharada bunday tangalarni chiqargan Kushano-Sasanian hukmdorlarining oxirgisi edi[1]. Oʻsha paytdan soʻng hududni Kobuldan oʻz tangalarini chiqargan Shopur II taxtni egallab hokimiyat tepasiga keladi[3][4][1][5].
Peroz II ning oʻrniga Tukharistanda Varahran Kushanshah, sasanianlar shohi Shapur II (sh r. 309-379-yillarda) Gandhara va Kobulni oʻz mulkiga birlashtirib qoʻygan[3][4][1][6].
Tangalar tahrir
365-yilga kelib kidarit hukmdori Kidara I oʻz nomini mintaqa tangalariga qoʻygan va Kushanshoh unvoniga ega boʻlgan. Gandarada ham kidaritlar Varahran nomiga kumush tangalar zarb qildilar, Kidara ham u yerda oʻz nomini kiritmagunga qadar tangalarni zarb qilib chiqartirilgan[7].
Manbalar tahrir
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Cribb 2010.
- ↑ Cribb & Donovan 2014.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 Rezakhani 2017.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Vaissière 2016.
- ↑ „Peroz II Kushonshoh“. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peroz_II_Kushanshah. Qaraldi: 26-noyabr 2022-yil.
- ↑ „Peroz II Kushonshoh“. https://sandbigbox.com/wiki/ru/Peroz_II_Kushanshah. 2022-yil 26-noyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 26-noyabr 2022-yil.
- ↑ „Tangalar“. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varahran_Kushanshah. Qaraldi: 26-noyabr 2022-yil.
Havolalar tahrir
- Cribb, Joe (2010). Alram, M.. ed. "The Kidarites, the numismatic evidence.pdf". Coins, Art and Chronology Ii, Edited by M. Alram et al (Coins, Art and Chronology II): 91–146. https://www.academia.edu/38112559.
- Cribb, Joe; Donovan, Peter (2014). "Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, and Kidarite Coins A Catalogue of Coins From the American Numismatic Society by David Jongeward and Joe Cribb with Peter Donovan" (en). The American Numismatic Society: 4. https://www.academia.edu/11049999.
- Cribb, Joe. Problems of Chronology in Gandhāran Art: Proceedings of the First International Workshop of the Gandhāra Connections Project, University of Oxford, 23rd-24th March, 2017 Rienjang: . University of Oxford The Classical Art Research Centre Archaeopress, 2018. ISBN 978-1-78491-855-2.
- Daryaee, Touraj „The Sasanian Empire“,. King of the Seven Climes: A History of the Ancient Iranian World (3000 BCE - 651 CE) Daryaee: . UCI Jordan Center for Persian Studies, 2017 — 1–236 bet. ISBN 978-0-692-86440-1.
- Rapp, Stephen H.. The Sasanian World through Georgian Eyes: Caucasia and the Iranian Commonwealth in Late Antique Georgian Literature. London: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2014. ISBN 978-1-4724-2552-2.
- Payne, Richard (2016). "The Making of Turan: The Fall and Transformation of the Iranian East in Late Antiquity". Journal of Late Antiquity (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press) 9: 4–41. doi:10.1353/jla.2016.0011. https://www.academia.edu/27438947.
- Rezakhani, Khodadad „East Iran in Late Antiquity“,. ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press, 2017 — 1–256 bet. ISBN 978-1-4744-0030-5. (registration required)
- Vaissière, Étienne de La (2016). "Kushanshahs i. History". Encyclopaedia Iranica. http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kushanshahs-01.