Bayt ar-Razzaz saroyi

Bayt ar-Razzaz saroyi
Bayt ar-Razzaz saroyi
	بيت الرزاز
Umumiy maʼlumot
Joylashuvi	Qohira
Manzili	Bob al-Vazir koʻchasi, 56-uy
Mamlakat	Misr
Qurilishi boshlangan	XV(15)-asr oxiri
Qurilishi tugagan	XVIII(18)- asr oxiri
Balandligi
Eng yuqori qavati	4
Boshqa oʻlchamlari	190 xona
Texnik holati
Qavatlar soni	4
	Bayt ar-Razzaz saroyi

Bayt ar-Razzaz saroyi (arabcha: بيت الرزاز) yoki Beet El Razzaz — Qohira markazida, Misrda 15-asr oxiridan 18-asr oxirigacha qurilgan qasr. Qohiraning Darb al-Ahmar mahallasidagi 190 xonali shahar saroyi 1960-yillarda tashlab ketilgan.Shundan keyin 1977 va 2007-yillar oraligʻida restavratsiya loyihasi asosida sharqiy binoni qayta tiklagan. Mulk Gʻarbiy majmuani tiklashni rejalashtirgan Qadimiy ashyolar boʻyicha davlat vazirligiga tegishli. Bu ayni paytda koʻplab misrlik hunarmandlar va ularning ayollar yashash joyi boʻlib, koʻplab mahalliy-badiiy ustaxonalar mavjud.

Tavsif

Yuqori qavatda joylashgan xona

Dastlab 15-asrda Mamluklar davrida qurilgan Bayt Al-Razzaz ikki uy, ikkita markaziy hovli va otxona, hammom, omborxona va boshqalar kabi boshqa kommunal inshootlardan iborat saroy boʻlgan. Binolar soni va uning oʻlchamlari strukturaga saroydek taassurot qoldiradi.^[1] Birgalikda 190 xonadan iborat ikkita mulk 19-asr boshlarida nikoh shartnomasi natijasida bitta oʻtish yoʻli orqali bogʻlangan.^[2]

Devordagi suratlar

Birinchi uy (sharqiy tomoni) taxminan 1480-yilda Sulton Quaytbay tomonidan qurilgan boʻlib, ikkinchi qavatida koʻchaga va boshqalari hovliga qaraydigan juda bezakli mashrabiya derazalari mavjud.^[3] Hovlining sharqiy tomonidagi eshiklardan biri mamluklar uslubida bezatilgan.^[4] Tuzilishi asosan tosh va gʻishtdan, oʻyilgan yogʻoch derazalarga ega. Ichki devorlar va shiftlar nozik boʻyalgan yogʻoch panellardan iborat. Yassi tom gorizontal qoplamali taxtalar ustidagi ohak qatlamlaridan qurilgan.^[5] Ikkinchi qavat ayollar uchun turar joy sifatida ishlatilgan, pastki qavatda esa erkaklar joylashgan.^[6]

Ikkinchi uy (gʻarbiy tomoni) 18-asrda boy guruch savdogar Ahmad Katxuda al-Razzaz tomonidan qurilgan boʻlib, ehtimol oʻsib borayotgan oila va tobora murakkablashib borayotgan munosabatlar tarmogʻini joylashtirish uchun qurilgan boʻlishi mumkin. Binolarni asrlar davomida har-xil oilalar tomonidan egalik qilingan.^[7]

Darb al-Ahmar mahallasida joylashgan majmua keng maydonni egallaydi va bir tomondan Bob al-Vazir koʻchasi, ikkinchi tomondan Suvayqat al-'Izza/Suq as-Silah bilan chegaralangan boʻlib, ikkala koʻchadan ham^[8] kirish eshigi bor.^[9]Saroy Ummu Shaʼbon masjidiga tutash.^[10]

Saroy 1960-yillarda tashlab ketilgan va Qadimiy ashyolar boʻyicha davlat vazirligi (sobiq Antikvarlar Oliy Kengashi) mulkiga aylangan.^[11] 1970-yillarning oxiridan boshlab Misrdagi Amerika tadqiqot markazi boshchiligidagi guruh sharqiy majmuada 2007-yildan restavratsiya ishlarini olib bordi. Gʻarbiy bino restavratsiyaga muhtojligicha qolmoqda va vazirlik uni ofis sifatida foydalanish uchun tiklashni rejalashtirmoqda, biroq Misrdagi siyosiy tartibsizliklar nuqtai nazaridan Jahon yodgorliklari jamgʻarmasi loyihani „xavf ostida“ deb hisoblaydi.^[12]

Galereya

Bayt al-Razzazga kirish 19-asr oxiri
Saroy hovlisi
Sharqiy jabha hovlidan koʻrinadi
Sharqiy eshik tokchasi ustidagi Qaitbay Blazon

Yana qarang

Ummu Sulton Shaʼbon madrasasi
Islom arxitekturasi
KAC Creswell — 18-asr oxirida Misrdagi Bayt Al-Razzaz va boshqa tarixiy binolarni hujjatlashtirgan meʼmorchilik tarixchisi va fotosuratchisi
Mamluk arxitekturasi
Usmonli arxitekturasi

Manbalar

↑ Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide (6th ed.), American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89
↑ OʻKane, B. (ed.), Creswell Photographs Re-examined: New Perspectives on Islamic Architecture, American University in Cairo Press, 2009, pp 54-55; Apparently a member of the Al-Razzaz family married a member of the family occupying the neighbouring property, resulting in the two properties being joined.
↑ Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89
↑ Williams, Caroline. Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, 7th, The American University in Cairo Press, 2018 — 106–107-bet.
↑ Morton, W. Brown, „The Bayt al-Razzaz Palace: Developing an Existing Conditions Report.“ APT Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 2/3, 1997, pp. 44-50, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1504533 Online:
↑ Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202
↑ Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, pp 89-90; Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202
↑ Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202
↑ Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202
↑ Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89
↑ Morton, W. Brown, "Bayt al‐Razzaz: The challenge of adaptive use for a vacant Mamluk palace in Cairo, " International Journal of Heritage Studies, Vol. 3, no. 3, 1997, pp 135-143, DOI: 10.1080/13527259708722200; Bacharach, J.L., The Restoration and Conservation of Islamic Monuments in Egypt, American University in Cairo Press, 1995, p. 18
↑ World Monuments Fund, ""Bayt al-Razzaz, " Online:

Qoʻshimcha oʻqish

YuNESKO maqolasi
Bloom, J. va Blair, S., Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture, Vol. 1, Oksford universiteti nashriyoti, 2009, p. 121

Havolalar

Qohiradagi Amerika Universiteti, Raqamli toʻplam, Bayt al-Razzazning fotosuratlari KAC Creswell tomonidan, 19-asr oxiri Onlayn:

[1] Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide (6th ed.), American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89

[2] OʻKane, B. (ed.), Creswell Photographs Re-examined: New Perspectives on Islamic Architecture, American University in Cairo Press, 2009, pp 54-55; Apparently a member of the Al-Razzaz family married a member of the family occupying the neighbouring property, resulting in the two properties being joined.

[3] Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89

[4] Williams, Caroline. Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, 7th, The American University in Cairo Press, 2018 — 106–107-bet.

[5] Morton, W. Brown, „The Bayt al-Razzaz Palace: Developing an Existing Conditions Report.“ APT Bulletin, vol. 28, No. 2/3, 1997, pp. 44-50, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1504533 Online:

[6] Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202

[7] Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, pp 89-90; Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202

[8] Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202

[9] Fay, M-A., Unveiling the Harem: Elite Women and the Paradox of Seclusion in Eighteenth Century Cairo, Syracuse University Press, 2012 p. 202

[10] Williams, C., Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide, American University in Cairo Press, 2008, p. 89

[11] Morton, W. Brown, "Bayt al‐Razzaz: The challenge of adaptive use for a vacant Mamluk palace in Cairo, " International Journal of Heritage Studies, Vol. 3, no. 3, 1997, pp 135-143, DOI: 10.1080/13527259708722200; Bacharach, J.L., The Restoration and Conservation of Islamic Monuments in Egypt, American University in Cairo Press, 1995, p. 18

[12] World Monuments Fund, ""Bayt al-Razzaz, " Online:

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