Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore (1861-yil 11-fevral — 1929-yil 6-yanvar) amerikalik jurnalist va yozuvchi boʻlib, ehtimol hozir butun dunyo boʻylab 1889-1890 yillarda butun dunyo eʼtiborini tortgan Nelli Blyga qarshi poygasi bilan tanilgan. Uning asarlarining aksariyati adabiy asarlar edi. U oʻzining barcha asarlarini Elizabeth Bisland sifatida nashr etdi. U Oʻz davlatida ayollar orasida eng mashhur jurnalistlardan biri edi.

Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore
Tavalludi
Elizabeth Bisland

11-fevral 1861-yil
St. Mary Parish, Louisiana
Vafoti 6-yanvar 1929-yil(1929-01-06)
(67 yoshda)
Charlottesville, Virginia
Fuqaroligi AQSh
Kasbi Writer
Turmush oʻrtogʻi Charles B. Wetmore (October 6, 1854 — June 1, 1919)[1][2][3][4]

Faoliyati tahrir

Bisland 1861-yil 11-fevralda Luiziana shtatidagi Sent-Meri Parishdagi Feyrfaks plantatsiyasida tug‘ilgan. Fuqarolar urushi paytida, oilasi Fort Bisland jangi oldidan koʻchib ketishdi. Ular qaytib kelganlarida hayoti qiyin kechdi va u oʻn ikki yoshga toʻlganda, oilasi Luiziana shtatining Natchez shahriga, otasiga meros b`olib qolgan uyga joyga koʻchib oʻtdi[5].

Elizabeth oʻzining yozuvchilik faoliyatini oʻsmirlik chogʻida boshlagan va New Orleans Times demokratiga BLR Dane taxallusi bilan sheʼrlar yuborgan[6][7][8]. Uning yozuvchiligi oilasiga va gazeta muharririga maʼlum boʻlgach, u ishlari uchun maosh oldi va tez orada gazetada ishlash uchun Nyu-Orleanga koʻchib ketdi[6].

Taxminan 1887-yilda Bisland New York shahriga koʻchib oʻtdi[9]. U New Yorkdagi birinchi ishini The Sun gazetasida boshladi[10]. 1889-yilga kelib Elizabeth bir qator nashrlarda, shu jumladan New York World jurnalida ishlagan[10]. Boshqa nashrlar qatorida keyinchalik Cosmopolitan jurnalida muharrir boʻldi va Atlantic Monthly hamda North American Review nashrlariga ham hissa qoʻshdi[11].

Dunyo boʻylab sayohati tahrir

1889-yil noyabr oyida New York World nashri Jyul VernningSakson kun ichida dunyo boʻylab“ romanida Filas Foggning 80 kunlik xayoliy sayohatini takrorlash va uni ortda qoldirish maqsadida oʻz muxbiri Nelli Blyni butun dunyo boʻylab sayohatga joʻnatayotganini eʼlon qildi[12]. Ushbu reklama stuntining eshitgan, uch yoshli va hali ham yangi hisoblangan Cosmopolitanni sotib olgan Jon Brisben Woker Bislandni xuddi shunday joʻnatishga qaror qildi[13].

Oxir-oqibat, Bly Bisland ustidan gʻalaba qozondi. Chunki, Bisland Angliyada boʻlganida, u Sautgemptondan joʻnab ketayotgan tezkor nemis paroxodi Emsni oʻtkazib yuborganini aytishdi. Balki Blyning nashriyoti joʻnatish kompaniyasiga joʻnashini kechiktirish uchun pora bergan boʻlishi mumkin. U qasddan aldanganmi yoki yoʻqmi nomaʼlum[14]. Shunday qilib, Elizabeth 18-yanvar kuni Irlandiyaning Kvinstaun shahridan (Cobh ) jo‘nab ketib, Blyning g‘alaba qozonishini taʼminlab, sekin borayotgan Botniyani ushlashga majbur bo‘ldi[15][16][17][18][19].

Manbalar tahrir

  1. MacKay, Robert B. et al. (eds.) Long Island country houses and their architects, 1860-1940 (1997) (ISBN 978-0-393-03856-9)
  2. Necrology, The Harvard Graduates Magazine, September 1919, p. 185 (listing death of death for Charles Wetmore)
  3. Charles Whitman Wetmore, Harvard College, Class of 1875, Secretary’s Report No. VII, p.99-100 (1899)
  4. Harrison, Mitchell C. Prominent and Progressive Americans, Vol. II, p.225-27 (1904) (three-page biography of Charles Whitman Wetmore, noting his law partnership with former Civil War General Francis C. Barlow and later position as president of North American Company)
  5. Verdery, Katherine. Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore, in Library of Southern Literature, p.5767-72 (1910)
  6. 6,0 6,1 Verdery, Katherine. Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore, in Library of Southern Literature, p.5767-72 (1910)
  7. Bradshaw, Jim. Acadiana Diary: St. Mary journalist competed with Bly (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-11-04 sanasida arxivlangan), The Daily Advertiser, April 2, 2006
  8. Bradshaw, Jim. Elizabeth Bisland raced Nellie Bly around world (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-11-04 sanasida arxivlangan), The Daily Advertiser, August 3, 2008
  9. Bright Women These: Sketches and Portraits of Some Daughters of the South, The Day, January 2, 1891
  10. 10,0 10,1 Verdery, Katherine. Elizabeth Bisland Wetmore, in Library of Southern Literature, p.5767-72 (1910)
  11. „MRS. E.B. WETMORE, AUTHOR, DIES IN SOUTH; Former Elizabeth Bisland of This City to Be Buried in Woodlawn Today“. The New York Times (1929-yil 9-yanvar).
  12. „When Cosmopolitan Sent A Victorian Lady To Race Around The Globe“ (en). Popular Science. Qaraldi: 2017-yil 24-avgust.
  13. Roggenkamp, Karen S. H. Dignified Sensationalism: Elizabeth Bisland, Cosmopolitan, and Trips Around the World Webarxiv andozasida xato: |url= qiymatini tekshiring. Boʻsh., presented at „Writing the Journey: A Conference on American, British, & Anglophone Writers and Writing“ University of Pennsylvania, June 10-13, 1999
  14. Abrams, Alan. Gold among the summer’s dross, Toledo Blade, September 5, 1993
  15. Round Went Nelly, Daily Argus News, January 25, 1890
  16. Arrival of Elizabeth Bisland: Although Beaten by Neille Bly She Succeeds in Lowering Phiness Foggʻs Record (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-11-04 sanasida arxivlangan), Chicago Tribune, January 31, 1890
  17. ELIZABETH BISLAND AND NELLIE BLY: The Globe-Trotting Race Between the Two Rapidly Nearing Its End (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-11-04 sanasida arxivlangan), Chicago Tribune, January 18, 1890
  18. Woman Against Woman: „Nellie Bly“ and Miss Bisland go racing around the world, Aurora Daily Express, November 27, 1889
  19. ALL AROUND THE WORLD.; MISS BISLAND NOW ON HER OCEAN VOYAGE TO NEW-YORK, The New York Times, January 19, 1890