John Hopfield

John Hopfield
Tavalludi	15-iyul 1933-yil; Chikago, Illinois
Fuqaroligi	AQSh
Sohasi	Fizika; Molekulyar biologiya; Kompleks tizim; Neyrofanlar
Ish joylari	Bell laboratoriyasi; Prinston universiteti; Berkeleydagi Kaliforniya universiteti; Kaliforniya texnologiya instituti
Taʼlimi	Swarthmore kolleji (bakalavr); Cornell universiteti (PhD)
Tezis sarlavhasi	A quantum-mechanical theory of the contribution of excitons to the complex dielectric constant of crystals (1958)
Akademik rahbarlari	Albert Overhauser
Mashhur shogirdlari	Steven Girvin ; Bertrand Halperin ; David J. C. MacKay ; José Onuchic ; Terry Sejnowski ; Erik Winfree
Mashhur ishlari	Hopfield tarmogʻi; Zamonaviy Hopfield tarmog‘i; Hopfield dielektrigi; Polariton
Mukofotlari	Oliver Buckley mukofoti(1969); Dirac medali (ICTP)(2001); Harold Pender mukofoti(2002); Albert Eynshteyn nomidagi Fan bo‘yicha jahon mukofoti(2005); Benjamin Franklin medali(2019); Boltzmann medali(2022); Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti(2024)

John Joseph Hopfield (1933-yil 15-iyulda tugʻilgan^[2]) – amerikalik fizik va Prinston universitetining faxriy professori. Hopfield 1982-yilda assotsiativ neyron tarmoqlarini oʻrganishi bilan tanilgan. 2024-yilda Hopfield, Geoffrey Hinton bilan birgalikda, sunʼiy intellekt tarmoqlari boʻyicha amalga oshirgan ishlari uchun Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti bilan taqdirlanishgan^[3]^[4]. Hopfield statistik fizikada va biofizikadagi ishlari uchun fizika sohasidagi bir qator nufuzli mukofotlar bilan taqdirlangan.

Biografiyasi

Bolaligi va taʼlimi

John Joseph Hopfield 1933-yilda Chikagoda fiziklar John Joseph Hopfield (asl ismi Yan Jozef Chmielewski) va Helen Hopfield (qizlik familiyasi Staff) oilasida dunyoga kelgan^[2]^[5]^[6]. Hopfield 1954-yilda Pensilvaniyadagi Swarthmore kollejida bakalavr darajasini, 1958-yilda esa Cornell universitetida fizika boʻyicha falsafa doktori (PhD) darajasini olgan^[2]. Doktorlik dissertatsiyasining mavzusi „A quantum-mechanical theory of the contribution of excitons to the complex dielectric constant of crystals“ deb nomlangan^[7]. Hopfieldning doktorlik dissertatsiyasiga Albert Overhauser ilmiy rahbarlik qilgan^[2].

Faoliyati

Hopfield Bell laboratoriyasining nazariya guruhida ikki yil davomida David Gilbert Thomas bilan yarimo‘tkazgichlarning optik xususiyatlari ustida tadqiqot olib borgan^[8].

Talabalari

Uning talabalari orasida Bertrand Halperin (1965-yilda PhD olgan), Steven Girvin (1977), Terry Sejnowski (1978), Erik Winfree (1998), José Onuchic (1987) va David J. C. MacKay (1992) kabi olimlar bor^[9].

Manbalar

↑ „Tezisga havola“. Qaraldi: 9-oktabr 2024-yil.
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 „Hopfield, John J.“. Physics History Network American Institute of Physics. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.
↑ Taylor, D.B.; et al. (October 8, 2024), „Nobel Physics Prize Awarded for Pioneering A.I. Research by 2 Scientists“, The New York Times, October 8, 2024da asl nusxadan arxivlandi, qaraldi: October 8, 2024
↑ „Press release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024“ (en-US). NobelPrize.org. 2024-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.
↑ Lindsay, Grace. Models of the Mind: How Physics, Engineering and Mathematics Have Shaped Our Understanding of the Brain (en). Bloomsbury Publishing, March 4, 2021. ISBN 978-1-4729-6645-2. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.
↑ „American Men of Science: A Biographical Directory“. Science Press (1966).
↑ John Hopfield (1958). „A Quantum-Mechanical Theory of the Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals“. Qaraldi: 10-oktyabr 2024-yil.
↑ Orton, John W.. The Story of Semiconductors (en). OUP Oxford, December 11, 2008. ISBN 978-0-19-156544-1.
↑ Andoza:MathGenealogy

[1] „Tezisga havola“. Qaraldi: 9-oktabr 2024-yil.

[history.aip.org-2] 2,0 ^2,1 ^2,2 ^2,3 „Hopfield, John J.“. Physics History Network American Institute of Physics. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.

[Nobel.Physics.2024-3] Taylor, D.B.; et al. (October 8, 2024), „Nobel Physics Prize Awarded for Pioneering A.I. Research by 2 Scientists“, The New York Times, October 8, 2024da asl nusxadan arxivlandi, qaraldi: October 8, 2024

[4] „Press release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 2024“ (en-US). NobelPrize.org. 2024-yil 8-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.

[Lindsay-2021-5] Lindsay, Grace. Models of the Mind: How Physics, Engineering and Mathematics Have Shaped Our Understanding of the Brain (en). Bloomsbury Publishing, March 4, 2021. ISBN 978-1-4729-6645-2. Qaraldi: 2024-yil 8-oktyabr.

[6] „American Men of Science: A Biographical Directory“. Science Press (1966).

[7] John Hopfield (1958). „A Quantum-Mechanical Theory of the Contribution of Excitons to the Complex Dielectric Constant of Crystals“. Qaraldi: 10-oktyabr 2024-yil.

[8] Orton, John W.. The Story of Semiconductors (en). OUP Oxford, December 11, 2008. ISBN 978-0-19-156544-1.

[9] Andoza:MathGenealogy

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John Hopfield

Tavalludi	15-iyul 1933-yil Chikago, Illinois
Fuqaroligi	AQSh
Sohasi	Fizika Molekulyar biologiya Kompleks tizim Neyrofanlar
Ish joylari	Bell laboratoriyasi Prinston universiteti Berkeleydagi Kaliforniya universiteti Kaliforniya texnologiya instituti
Taʼlimi	Swarthmore kolleji (bakalavr) Cornell universiteti (PhD)
Tezis sarlavhasi	A quantum-mechanical theory of the contribution of excitons to the complex dielectric constant of crystals (1958)^[1]
Akademik rahbarlari	Albert Overhauser
Mashhur shogirdlari	Steven Girvin Bertrand Halperin David J. C. MacKay José Onuchic Terry Sejnowski Erik Winfree
Mashhur ishlari	Hopfield tarmogʻi Zamonaviy Hopfield tarmog‘i Hopfield dielektrigi Polariton
Mukofotlari	Oliver Buckley mukofoti(1969) Dirac medali (ICTP)(2001) Harold Pender mukofoti(2002) Albert Eynshteyn nomidagi Fan bo‘yicha jahon mukofoti(2005) Benjamin Franklin medali(2019) Boltzmann medali(2022) Fizika boʻyicha Nobel mukofoti(2024)