Xalqaro valyuta jamgʻarmasi: Versiyalar orasidagi farq
Kontent oʻchirildi Kontent qoʻshildi
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kTahrir izohi yoʻq |
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Qator 6:
|faoliyati = [[Iqtisodiyot]]
|muhim shaxslar = {{bayroq|USA}} John Lipsky (muvaqqat rais)
|asoschilari
|shiori
|joylashuvi
|daromad
|sof foyda
|ishchilar soni
|sayt
}}'''Xalqaro Valyuta Fondi''' (qisqartmasi: '''XVF'''; [[ingliz tili|ingl.]] ''International Monetary Fund'' ('''IMF''')) [[xalqaro tashkilot]] boʻlib, [[makroiqtisodiyot|makroiqtisodiy siyosat]] yurgizadi, butunjahon moliyaviy tizimini nazorat etadi. Uning maqsadlariga xalqaro valyuta kurslarini barqarorlashtirish, iqtisodiy qoidalarni [[liberalizm|liberallashtirish]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Davis |first=Bob |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704608104575220652201803546.html?mod=WSJ_latestheadlines |title=IMF's Sweeping Demands Signal Shift - WSJ.com |publisher=Online.wsj.com |date=2010-05-03 |accessdate=2010-05-30}}</ref> shartlari bilan aʼzo mamlakatlarga qarz, moliyaviy yordam berish kiradi.<ref>{{cite book|last=Sullivan|first=Arthur|authorlink=Arthur O' Sullivan|coauthors=Steven M. Sheffrin|title=Economics: Principles in action|publisher=Pearson Prentice Hall|year=2003|location=Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458|page=488|url=http://www.pearsonschool.com/index.cfm?locator=PSZ3R9&PMDbSiteId=2781&PMDbSolutionId=6724&PMDbCategoryId=&PMDbProgramId=12881&level=4|isbn=0-13-063085-3}}</ref> Shtab-kvartirasi [[Vashington]] shahrida joylashgan. XVF'ni baʼzilar taʼsiri haddan oshiq katta, deb tanqid qilishadi.<ref>http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/item.shtml?x=320869</ref><ref>http://tech.mit.edu/V120/N46/46chomsky.46n.html</ref>
The International Monetary Fund was conceived in July 1944 originally with 45 members and came into existence in December 1945 when 29 countries signed the agreement,<ref name=ataglance>{{cite web|url= http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/facts/glance.htm|title=Factsheet - The IMF at a Glance|year=2009|month=June|publisher=IMF| accessdate=2009-07-19}}</ref> with a goal to stabilize exchange rates and assist the reconstruction of the world’s international payment system. Countries contributed to a pool which could be borrowed from, on a temporary basis, by countries with payment imbalances. The IMF was important when it was first created because it helped the world stabilize the economic system. The IMF works to improve the economies of its member countries.<ref>Escobar, Arturo. 1988. Power and Visibility: Development and the Invention and Management of the Third World. Cultural Anthropology 3 (4): 428—443.</ref> The IMF describes itself as «an organization of 187 countries (as of July 2010), working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty.»
[[Image:IMF HQ.jpg|thumb|right|IMF «Headquarters 1» in Washington, D.C.]]
[[File:International Monetary Fund (art.VIII).png|thumb|right|334px|{{legend|#008000|IMF member states }} {{legend|#00FF00|IMF member states not accepting the obligations of Article VIII, Sections 2, 3, and 4<ref>[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/aa/aa08.htm Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, Article VIII - General Obligations of Members]<br>Section 2: Avoidance of restrictions on current payments;<br> Section 3: Avoidance of discriminatory currency practices;<br>Section 4: Convertibility of foreign-held balances.</ref>}}]]
==Manbalar==
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