Vasishka
Vasishka (baqtriya tilida: BAZHÞKO Bazēško; oʻrta braxmi.
Vā-si-ṣka, Vāsiṣka; Kharoshthi: 𐨬𐨗𐨿𐨱𐨅𐨮𐨿𐨐 Va-jhe-ṣka, Vajheṣka[1]) milodiy 247—265-yillarda hukmronlik qilgan Kushon imperatori boʻlib, Kanishka IIdan keyin qisqa hukmronlik qilgan.
| Vasishka | |
|---|---|
| Kushon podsholigi | |
 | |
| Saltanat | 247–265-yillar |
| Oʻtmishdoshi | Kanishka II |
| Davomchisi | Kanishka III |
Hukmronligi
tahrirPanjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[2]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.
Tarixiy yozuvlar
tahrirVasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.
Sanchi Bodxisattava
tahrir
Sanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[3]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[4].
Hukmronligi
tahrir
Panjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[6]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.
Tarixiy yozuvlar
tahrirVasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.
Sanchi Bodxisattava
tahrirSanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[7]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[8].
Sanchi poydevori
tahrirSanchida topilgan yana bir Mathura parchasi tik turgan Budda haykali poydevori hisoblanadi[9]. Yozuvda „22-yil Vaskushana“ deb yozilgan[10][11]. Kushonlar uslubiga xos belbogʻli uzun toʻnlarda, oʻtirgan Bodxisattva atrofida turgan ibodatchilarni koʻrish mumkin[12].
Ara yozuvi
tahrirVasishka haqida maʼlumotlar Kanishka IIIning „Ara yozuvi“da ham uchraydi. Ushbu yozuvda u Kanishkaning otasi (manabalar koʻra Kanishka III) sifatida qayd etilgan. Uning ismi Kharoshthida „Vajeshka“ sifatida koʻrsatilgan[13].
Tangalari
tahrir_Circa_CE_240-250.jpg)
Vasishka tangalari avvalgilariga qaraganda kichikroq boʻlgan[14]. Uning tangalarining teskari tomonida paydo boʻlgan xudolar Huvishka va Vasudeva I tangalaridagilarga oʻxshaydi[14].
Adabiyotlar
tahrir- „Ancient Indian Inscriptions“, S. R. Goyal, 2005
- „From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan“, Elizabeth Errington and Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, 2007.
- The Crossroads of Asia: Transformation in Image and Symbol", Elizabeth Errington and Joe Cribb, 1992.
Manbalar
tahrir- ↑ Konow, Sten, Kharoshṭhī Inscriptions with the Exception of Those of Aśoka, Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. II, Part I. Calcutta: Government of India Central Publication Branch, p. 163
- ↑ Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks — 203-bet. Qaraldi: 12-avgust 2023-yil.
- ↑ Mitra, dEBALA. Sanchi. Archeological survey of India, 2001 — 7-bet. Qaraldi: 12-avgust 2023-yil.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32-bet.
- ↑ Marshall, Sir John. Monuments Of Sanchi Vol.1, 1902 — 386-bet.
- ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57-bet.
- ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1-bet.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32-bet.
- ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1-bet. Mitra, Debala (2001). Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India. p. 7 Note 1.
- ↑ Dani, A. H.. History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations, 700 B. C. to A (en). UNESCO, 1994 — 253-bet. ISBN 9789231028465.
- ↑ "He might have begun to rule even two years earlier if he can be identified with king Vaskushana(=Vasishka Kushana?) of a Sanchi record of the year22" Shashi, Shyam Singh. Encyclopaedia Indica: The Kushana Empire: government, society, and culture (en). Anmol Publications, 1999 — 23-bet. ISBN 9788170418597.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32-bet. Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid; Kak, Ram Chandra; Chanda, Ramaprasad; Marshall, John Hubert (1922). Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India. pp. 29-32.
- ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57-bet.
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks (en), 2017 — 203-bet. Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). From the Kushans to the Western Turks. p. 203.