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Vasishka

Vasishka (baqtriya tilida: BAZHÞKO Bazēško; oʻrta braxmi. Vā-si-ṣka, Vāsiṣka; Kharoshthi: 𐨬𐨗𐨿𐨱𐨅𐨮𐨿𐨐 Va-jhe-ṣka, Vajheṣka[1]) milodiy 247—265-yillarda hukmronlik qilgan Kushon imperatori boʻlib, Kanishka IIdan keyin qisqa hukmronlik qilgan.

Vasishka
Kushon podsholigi
Saltanat 247–265-yillar
Oʻtmishdoshi Kanishka II
Davomchisi Kanishka III

Hukmronligi tahrir

Panjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[2]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.

Tarixiy yozuvlar tahrir

Vasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.

Sanchi Bodxisattava tahrir

 
Sanchi Bodhisattva haykali

Sanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[3]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[4].

Hukmronligi tahrir

 
Sanchi Budda poydevori[5].

Panjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[6]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.

Tarixiy yozuvlar tahrir

Vasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.

Sanchi Bodxisattava tahrir

Sanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[7]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[8].

Sanchi poydevori tahrir

Sanchida topilgan yana bir Mathura parchasi tik turgan Budda haykali poydevori hisoblanadi[9]. Yozuvda „22-yil Vaskushana“ deb yozilgan[10][11]. Kushonlar uslubiga xos belbogʻli uzun toʻnlarda, oʻtirgan Bodxisattva atrofida turgan ibodatchilarni koʻrish mumkin[12].

Ara yozuvi tahrir

Vasishka haqida maʼlumotlar Kanishka IIIning „Ara yozuvi“da ham uchraydi. Ushbu yozuvda u Kanishkaning otasi (manabalar koʻra Kanishka III) sifatida qayd etilgan. Uning ismi Kharoshthida „Vajeshka“ sifatida koʻrsatilgan[13].

Tangalari tahrir

 
Vashishkaning oltin dinori.

Vasishka tangalari avvalgilariga qaraganda kichikroq boʻlgan[14]. Uning tangalarining teskari tomonida paydo boʻlgan xudolar Huvishka va Vasudeva I tangalaridagilarga oʻxshaydi[14].

Adabiyotlar tahrir

  • „Ancient Indian Inscriptions“, S. R. Goyal, 2005
  • „From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan“, Elizabeth Errington and Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, 2007.
  • The Crossroads of Asia: Transformation in Image and Symbol", Elizabeth Errington and Joe Cribb, 1992.

Manbalar tahrir

  1. ↑ Konow, Sten, Kharoshṭhī Inscriptions with the Exception of Those of Aśoka, Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. II, Part I. Calcutta: Government of India Central Publication Branch, p. 163
  2. ↑ Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks — 203 bet. 12-avgust 2023-yilda qaraldi. 
  3. ↑ Mitra, dEBALA. Sanchi. Archeological survey of India, 2001 — 7 bet. 12-avgust 2023-yilda qaraldi. 
  4. ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet. 
  5. ↑ Marshall, Sir John. Monuments Of Sanchi Vol.1, 1902 — 386 bet. 
  6. ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57 bet. 
  7. ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1 bet. 
  8. ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet. 
  9. ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1 bet. Mitra, Debala (2001). Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India. p. 7 Note 1.
  10. ↑ Dani, A. H.. History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations, 700 B. C. to A (en). UNESCO, 1994 — 253 bet. ISBN 9789231028465. 
  11. ↑ "He might have begun to rule even two years earlier if he can be identified with king Vaskushana(=Vasishka Kushana?) of a Sanchi record of the year22" Shashi, Shyam Singh. Encyclopaedia Indica: The Kushana Empire: government, society, and culture (en). Anmol Publications, 1999 — 23 bet. ISBN 9788170418597. 
  12. ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet. Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid; Kak, Ram Chandra; Chanda, Ramaprasad; Marshall, John Hubert (1922). Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India. pp. 29-32.
  13. ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57 bet. 
  14. ↑ 14,0 14,1 Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks (en), 2017 — 203 bet. Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). From the Kushans to the Western Turks. p. 203.

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