Edward Hopper

Edward Hopper (1882-yil 22-iyul - 1967-yil 15-may) amerikalik realist rassom va nashriyotchi edi. U o'zining moyli rasmlari bilan mashhur bo'lsa-da, u akvarelchi va matbaachi sifatida ham faoliyat yuritgan.

Edvard Xopper
</img> Hopper 1937 yil
Tug'ilgan	( 1882-07-22 ) 1882-yil 22-iyul Nyack, Nyu-York, Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari
Vafoti	1967-yil 15-may (1967-05-15) (84 yosh) Manhattan, Nyu-York, AQSh
Ta'lim	Parsons dizayn maktabi
Ma'lum uchun	Rasm
Mahshur suratlari	Avtomat (1927) Chop Suey (1929) Nighthawks (1942) Kichik shahardagi ofis (1953)
Harakat	Realizm

Hopper o'z suratlarida oddiy mavzulardan qochib, o'ziga xos yangi to'lqin janrlarida ijod qilgan. U o'z ijod namunalarida tasvirlagan Amerikada "to'liq haqiqat" uchun maqtovga sazovor bo'ldi. U hamkasbi Josephine Nivison bilan turmush qurgan va u Hopperning ijodida katta rol o'ynagan.

Hopper Amerikaning eng mashhur va sermahsul ijodkorlaridan biridir. Uning san'at va ommaviy madaniyatga qo'shgan hissasi sezilarli bo'ldi. Uning eng mashhur rasmlari orasida Nyu-York filmi (1939) va Nighthawks (1942) bor.

Nighthawks (1942)

Nyu-York restorani (1922)

Sarlavha	O'rta	Sana	To'plam	O'lchamlari	Rasm
Tikuv mashinasidagi qiz	tuvalga yog'	1921 yil	Thyssen-Bornemisza muzeyi	48 sm × 46 sm (19 dyuym × 18 dyuym)	</img>
Temir yo'l bo'yidagi uy	tuvalga yog'	1925 yil	Zamonaviy san'at muzeyi	61 sm × 73,7 sm	</img>
Avtomat	tuvalga yog'	1927 yil	Des Moines san'at markazi	71.4 sm × 91,4 sm (28 dyuym × 36 dyuym)	</img>
Manhetten ko'prigi halqasi	tuvalga yog'	1928 yil	Addison Amerika san'ati galereyasi	88,9 × 152,4 sm (35 × 60 dyuym)	</img>
Chop Suey	tuvalga yog'	1929 yil	Shaxsiy kolleksiya	81.3 sm × 96,5 sm (32 dyuym × 38 dyuym)	</img>
Erta yakshanba tong	tuvalga yog'	1930 yil	Uitni Amerika san'ati muzeyi	89.4 sm × 153 sm (35,2 dyuym × 60,3 dyuym)	</img>
Mehmonxona xonasi	tuvalga yog'	1931 yil	Thyssen-Bornemisza muzeyi	152.4 sm × 165,7 sm (60 dyuym × 65,23 dyuym)	[1]
Nyu-York kino	tuvalga yog'	1939 yil	Zamonaviy san'at muzeyi	81.9 sm × 101,9 sm (32 1/4 dyuym × 40 1/8 dyuym)	</img>
Kechasi ofis	tuvalga yog'	1940 yil	Walker Art Center, Minneapolis	56.356 sm × 63,82 sm (22,1875 dyuym × 25,125 dyuym)	</img>
Tungi shoxlar	tuvalga yog'	1942 yil	Chikago san'at instituti	84.1 sm × 152,4 sm (33+1⁄8 dyuym × 60 dyuym)	</img>
Mehmonxona qabulxonasi	tuvalga yog'	1943 yil	Indianapolis san'at muzeyi	81.9 sm × 103,5 sm (32+1⁄4 dyuym ×40+3⁄4 dyuym)	</img>
Kichik shaharda ofis	tuvalga yog'	1953 yil	Metropolitan san'at muzeyi	71 sm × 102 sm (28 dyuym × 40 dyuym)	[2]
Ertalab quyosh	tuvalga yog'	1952 yil	Kolumb san'at muzeyi	71.5 sm × 101,9 sm (28,1 x 40,1 dyuym)	</img>

Manbalar

  • Bo'lim, Bonni Tocher. Edward Hopper Vermontda. Gannover, N.H.: Nyu-England universiteti nashriyoti, 2012. • Gudrich, Lloyd. Edward Hopper. Nyu-York: H. N. Abrams, 1971; 1976; 1983 yil.

• Gudrich, Lloyd. Edward Hopper - Pingvin zamonaviy rassomlari. London: Pingvin, 1949 yil.

• Haskell, Barbara. Zamonaviy hayot: Edward Hopper va uning davri. Gamburg: Bucerius Kunst forumi, 2009 yil.

• Healy, Pat. "Yolg'iz odamlarga qarang: TIVning "Hopper"i yolg'izlikni nishonlaydi", Metro gazetasi, seshanba, 8-may, 2007 yil, p. 18.

• Kranzfelder, Ivo. Hopper. Nyu-York: Taschen, 1994 yil.

• Kuh, Ketrin. Ketrin Kuhda Edward Hopper bilan intervyu, Rassomning ovozi: O'n etti rassom bilan suhbatlar. Nyu-York: 1962, Di Capo Press, 2000. 130–142-betlar.

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper. Nyu-York: Crown, 1984 yil.

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper: Katalog Raisonne. Nyu-York: Norton, 1995).

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper: Intim tarjimai hol (Nyu-York: Knopf, 1995; Rizzoli Books, 2007)

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper: Gli anni della formazione (Milan: Electra Editrice, 1981)

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper: San'at va rassom (Nyu-York: Norton, 1980, London, 1981; Myunxen: Schirmer/Mosel, 1986)

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopper: To'liq nashrlar (Nyu-York: Norton, 1979, London, 1980; Myunxen: Schirmer/Mosel, 1986)

• Levin, Geyl (1979). Edward Hopper illyustrator sifatida. Nyu-York va London: Norton. ISBN 0-393-01243-3.

• Levin, Geyl. Hopperning joylari (Nyu-York: Knopf, 1985; 2-kengaytirilgan nashr, Kaliforniya universiteti matbuoti, 1998)

• Levin, Geyl. Edward Hopperning to'liq yog'li rasmlari (Nyu-York: Norton, 2001)

• Lion, Debora, Brayan O'Doxerti. Edward Hopper: Uning ishi jurnali (Nyu-York: Norton, 1997)

• Yaratuvchi, Sheri. Edward Hopper (Nyu-York: Brompton Books, 1990)

• Meklenburg, Virjiniya M. Edward Hopper: Akvarellar (Nyu-York: Norton, 1999)

• Renner, Rolf G. Edward Hopper 1882–1967: Realning o'zgarishi (Nyu-York: Taschen, 1999)

• Wagstaff, Sheena, Ed. Edward Hopper (London, Teyt nashriyoti, London)

• Uells, Valter. Jim teatr: Edward Hopper san'ati (London/Nyu-York: Phaidon, 2007). San'at va gumanitar fanlar bo'yicha 2009 yilgi Umxofer mukofoti sovrindori.

• Hopper, Edward (1931). Edward Hopper. Nyu-York: Uitni Amerika san'ati muzeyi.

• Pabon, G; Gutierrez, C; Fernandes, JD; Martinez-Pietro, MA (2013). "Aholini ro'yxatga olish mikroma'lumotlarini nashr qilish uchun bog'langan ochiq ma'lumotlar texnologiyalari". Amerika axborot fanlari va texnologiyalari jamiyati jurnali. 64 (9): 1802–1814. doi: 10.1002/asi.22876. hdl: 10533/127539.

• Tziomis, Leatha (2012). Botticelli La Primavera: Inson ideallari koinotini tasvirlash.

• Kalin, Ian (2014). "Ochiq ma'lumotlar demokratiyani yaxshilaydi". SAIS xalqaro munosabatlar sharhi. 34 (1): 59–70. doi: 10.1353/sais.2014.0006. S2CID 154068669.