Voland
Voland ( ruscha: Воланд ) - rus ( sovet ) yozuvchisi Mixail Bulgakovning 1928-1940 yillarda yozilgan "Usta va Margarita" romanidagi fantastik personaj. Voland maxfiy chet ellik va professor bo'lib, uning Moskvaga tashrifi syujetni tubdan o'zgartirib yuborilishiga sabab bo'ladi
Uning jodugarlar, vampirlar va bahaybat gapiruvchi mushukni o'z ichiga olgan mulozimlari, syujetdagi roli va Volandning nemischada iblis hamda yovuz ruh degan ma'nolarni aks ettirishi [1] uning, aslida, Iblis ekanligini dalilidir. Batafsil munozarali talqinlar uni Havoriy Butrus ( Isoning Butrusga: “O'zimdan ketgin, iblis” degan so'zlariga asoslanib) yoki hatto Masihning Ikkinchi Kelishi sifatida ko'radi. [2]
Edvard Eriksonning ta'kidlashicha, Voland aslida "pravoslav nasroniy ilohiyotining shaytonidir .U ham odamlarning vasvasasi, ham ilohiy adolatning beixtiyor quroli, borligi va qudratini o‘ziga qarshi turgan zotga qarzdor mavjudotdir” [3] .
Volandni tasavvur qilishda Bulgakov Gyotening " Faust" idagi Mefistofel personajidan juda ko'p foydalanadi, bu bog'liqlik asarning boshidagi she'rning epigrafi yordamida aniq ifodalangan. [4] Bundan tashqari, Voland ismining oʻzi Mefistofel Valpurgisnacht sahnasida oʻziga murojaat qilingan ismidan olingan: skvayr Voland ( nemischa: Junker Voland ). [1] Gyotening Mefistofeliga doir boshqa ishoralar qatoriga Volandning pudel boshli hassasi va oqsoqlanishi kiradi. [4] Volandga yana bir ta'sir etuvchi Charlz Gunoning "Faust" operasidir. [5]
Moslashuvlarda
tahrir- Veniamin Smexov uni Moskva sahnasiga moslashtirilganda o'ynadi.
- 1972 yilgi Italiya-Yugoslaviya moslashuvida Il maestro e Margherita, Voland rolini fransuz aktyori Alen Kuni ijro etgan.
- 1990 yilgi Polsha teleserialida "Mistrz i Malgorzata, Voland" rolini Gustav Holoubek ijro etgan.
- 1994 yilda "Master i Margarita, Voland" nomli ruscha moslashuvda Valentin Gaft rolini ijro etgan.
- 2005 yilgi miniserial moslashuvida Voland rolini Oleg Basilashvili ijro etgan.
- Yaqinlashib kelayotgan 2023 yilgi rus filmi Volandda xuddi shu nomdagi rolni Avgust Dihl ijro etadi.
Iqtiboslar
tahrir
- "Meni kechiring, lekin men sizga ishonmayman. Bunday bo'lishi mumkin emas: qo'lyozmalar yonmaydi. " - Ustozga [6]
- "Ha, odam o'ladi, lekin bu muammoning yarmi bo'lar edi. Eng yomoni shundaki, u ba'zan kutilmaganda o'lib qoladi - bu hiyla-nayrang!" - Berliozga [6]
Manbalar
tahrirEslatmalar
Iqtibos qilingan asarlar
tahrir- Bulgakov, Mikhail. The Master and Margarita. London: Penguin, 2016. ISBN 978-0143108276.
- Бузиновский, С.. Тайна Воланда: опыт дешифровки.. St. Petersburg: Лев и Сова, 2007.
- Ericson, Edward E. (1974). "The Satanic Incarnation: Parody in Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita". The Russian Review 33 (1): 20–36. doi:10.2307/127619. https://archive.org/details/sim_russian-review_1974-01_33_1/page/20.
- Haber, Edythe C. (1975). "The Mythic Structure of Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita". The Russian Review 34 (4): 382–409. doi:10.2307/127871. https://archive.org/details/sim_russian-review_1975-10_34_4/page/382.
- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. Faust: Eine Tragödie. Erster und zweiter Teil. Mit einem Nachwort, Anmerkungen und einer Zeittafel von Sybille Demmer. Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 1997. ISBN 978-3-423-12400-3.
- Lowe, David (1996). "Gounod's Faust and Bulgakov's the Master and Margarita". The Russian Review 55 (2): 279–286. doi:10.2307/131841. https://archive.org/details/sim_russian-review_1996-04_55_2/page/279.
- Wright, A.C. (1973). "Satan in Moscow: An Approach to Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita". Publications of the Modern Language Association 88 (5): 1162–1172. doi:10.2307/461648.