Qarshi-Xonobod aerodromi
Qarshi-Xonobod harbiy aviabazasi (qisqacha K2) — Qashqadaryo viloyati Qarshi tumani Xonobod qishlogʻida joylashgan aerodrom. Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Mudofaa vazirligiga qarashli aviabaza.
| Qarshi-Xonobod aerodromi Қарши–Хонобод аэродроми | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| IATA kodi: none – ICAO kodi: UTSL | |||
| Qisqacha bayon | |||
| Aeroport turi | Harbiy | ||
| Egasi | Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Qurolli Kuchlari | ||
| Joylashuvi | Qarshi, Qashqadaryo viloyati, Oʻzbekiston | ||
| Dengiz sathidan balandligi | 1,365 ft / 416 m | ||
| Koordinatalari | 38°50′01″N 065°55′17″E / 38.83361°N 65.92139°E G O | ||
| Xarita | |||
|
| |||
| Uchish/qoʻnish yoʻlaklari | |||
| Uzunligi | Yuzasi | ||
| m | ft | ||
| 07/25 | 2,498 | 8,195 | Beton |
| Manba: DAFIF[1][2] | |||
Tarixi tahrir
1954-yildan 1981-yilgacha bazada Sovet havo mudofaa kuchlarining 735-qiruvchi aviatsiya polki joylashgan edi[3]. Qarshi-Xonobod aerodromida MiG-15 (1950-yil iyuldan — 1955-yilgacha), MiG-17 (1955—1969), keyin esa Sukhoi Su-9 (Fishpot) (1961—1978) samolyotlari boʻlgan[4]. Sovet havo mudofaa kuchlari 1978-yilda Su-9 ni MiG-23M (Flogger-B) samalyoti bilan almashtirdi[5].
Qarshi-Xonobod aerodromi 1981-yilda 735-qiruvchi-bombardimonchi aviatsiya polki, 1984-yilda esa 735-bombardimonchi aviatsiya polki deb nomlandi. 1984-yilgacha polkda MiG-23M, 1984-yildan 1992-yilgacha Su-24 samalyotlari mavjud boʻlgan. Polk 1980-yil aprelidan 1988-yil mayigacha Turkiston harbiy okrugi Sovet Harbiy havo kuchlari, soʻngra 49-havo armiyasi va 73-havo armiyasi qoʻl ostida boʻlgan.
1992-yil 30-iyunda Sovet Ittifoqi parchalanganidan soʻng bazani nazorat qilish Oʻzbekistonga oʻtdi. 1992-yildan boshlab aerodrom katta oʻzgarishlar kiritildi.
Aerodrom imkoniyatlari tahrir
Aeroport dengiz sathidan 416 metr balandlikda joylashgan. Aeroportda 07/25 deb belgilangan bitta uchish-qoʻnish yoʻlagi mavjud boʻlib, yuzasi beton (2,498 metr x 40 metr).
Ifloslanishi tahrir
2001-yil noyabr oyida AQSh armiyasining sogʻliqni saqlash va profilaktika tibbiyoti markazi va Yevropa atrof-muhitni oʻrganish markazi aerodromda tadqiqot oʻtkazdi va keng tarqalgan reaktiv yoqilg'i quyqalarini topdi. Reaktiv yoqilg'i odatda yer ostida 1-3 metr balandlikda boʻladi. Tahmin qilinishicha Sovet davridagi yer osti yoqilgʻisi sizib ketgan[6].
2015-yilgi armiya tadqiqotiga koʻra, maxsus operatsiyalar kuchlarini hisobga olmaganda K2 faxriylaridan 61 nafari saraton kasalligiga chalingan yoki kasallikdan vafot etgan[7].
Amerika Qo'shma Shtatlari Veteranlar ishlari departamenti va AQSh armiyasining sog'liqni saqlash markazi bazadagi ifloslanish saraton kasalligining koʻpayishini va sogʻliq uchun jiddiy muammolarni keltirib chiqarganini rad etdi[8].
2020-yil 18-noyabr kuni AQSh Vakillar palatasining Nazorat va islohotlar qoʻmitasida „Qarshi-Xonobod: Ozodlik lageri qahramonlarini ulugʻlash“ mavzusida maruza boʻlib oʻtdi[9]. Bazadagi sogʻliq uchun sogʻliq uchun jiddiy muammolarni keltirib chiqargan kasalliklar haqida maʼlumot varaqasi chiqarildi[10].
Manbalar tahrir
- ↑ Airport information for UTSL (Wayback Machine saytida 2011-08-06 sanasida arxivlangan) (October 2006)
- ↑ Aeroport haqida Karshi-Khanabad, Uzbekistan (UTSL / KSQ) Great Circle Mapper'da.
- ↑ Michael Holm. „735th Bomber Aviation Regiment“. ww2.dk. — „Karshi-Khanabad, Kashkadar'inskaya Oblast, 1954 - 1992 [38 50 09N, 65 55 19E]“. 2020-yil 11-fevralda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 20-yanvar.
- ↑ „Phaseout of FISHPOT in APVO Stranny Airfields USSR“. cia.gov. Central Intelligence Agency (1981-yil fevral). — „Document Type: CREST. Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81T00380R000100980001-5“. 2017-yil 23-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 20-yanvar.
- ↑ „Phaseout of FISHPOT in APVO Stranny Airfields USSR“. cia.gov. Central Intelligence Agency (1981-yil fevral). — „Document Type: CREST. Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81T00380R000100980001-5“. 2017-yil 23-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 20-yanvar.
- ↑ „Environmental Conditions at Karshi Khanabad (K-2) Air Base, Uzbekistan Information for Service Members and Veterans“. phc.amedd.army.mil. U.S. Army Public Health Center. 2021-yil 19-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-mart.
- ↑ Copp. „Cancers strike veterans who deployed to Uzbek base where black goo oozed, ponds glowed“. mcclatchydc.com. McClatchy (2019-yil 19-dekabr).
- ↑ „Environmental Conditions at Karshi Khanabad (K-2) Air Base, Uzbekistan Information for Service Members and Veterans“. phc.amedd.army.mil. U.S. Army Public Health Center. 2021-yil 19-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2020-yil 5-mart.
- ↑ Stephen F. Lynch, Chairman of the Subcommittee on National Security. „Karshi-Khanabad: Honoring the Heroes of Camp Stronghold Freedom - House Committee on Oversight and Reform“. oversight.house.gov (2020-yil 18-noyabr). — „“The courageous Americans who served at K2 were among the first boots on the ground after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Today, many of them face devastating health conditions potentially tied to their service. They are looking for answers—answers our government has denied them for years. Our Subcommittee’s bipartisan investigation revealed clear evidence that K2 veterans were exposed to toxic and environmental hazards. Yet, the VA has refused to provide the full range of treatments and benefits these veterans deserve. I remain committed to advocating on behalf of our K2 heroes and look forward to hearing the VA and DOD’s plans to right this injustice.”“. 2020-yil 9-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 20-yanvar.
- ↑ „Fact Sheet: Declassified Karshi-Khanabad (K2) Documents“. oversight.house.gov (2020-yil 9-iyul). — „During subsurface soil testing in 2001, “[e]levated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were detected at numerous locations throughout Stronghold Freedom. A June 2002 Operational Health Risk Assessment estimated that “between 50% and 75% of personnel at Stronghold Freedom will be exposed to elevated levels of compounds in air,” and a September 2004 health assessment described the probability of exposure to PM10 levels as “frequent.” A few air samples also reported elevated levels of tetrachloroethylene. According to the Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry, “Studies in humans suggest that exposure to tetrachloroethylene might lead to a higher risk of getting bladder cancer, multiple myeloma, or non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.” • According to a September 2004 health assessment, the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (USACHPPM) found that, although “less than 10% of personnel will experience [radiation] exposures above background” at Camp Stronghold Freedom, “the potential for daily contact with radiation exists for up to 100% of the assigned units.”“. 2020-yil 9-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 20-yanvar.
Havolalar tahrir
- Satellite photo with annotations (Wayback Machine saytida 2005-12-22 sanasida arxivlangan)
- Explanation of annotations (Wayback Machine saytida 2005-12-22 sanasida arxivlangan)
