Arab tili

Arab tili
Milliy nomi	اللُّغَة العَرَبِيّة
Mamlakatlar	Misr, Jazoir, Sudan, Iroq, Marokash, Saudiya Arabistoni, Yaman, Suriya, Tunis, Somali, Chad, Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari, Iordaniya, Eritreya, Liviya, Livan, Falastin, Oman, Mavritaniya, Quvayt, Qatar, Bahrayn, Jibuti, Komoros, Isroil, Janubiy Sudan, Mali, Niger, Eron, Gʻarbiy sahroi kabir, Palestinian National Authority, Ispaniya, Keniya, Senegal, Tanzaniya, Turkiya, Ozarbayjon, Ruminiya, Portugaliya, Malayziya va Indoneziya
Soʻzlashuvchilarning umumiy soni	290.000.000 (2010)
Turkumlanishi
Til oilasi	Som-hom tillari Som tillari
Alifbosi	Arab tili yozuvi
Til kodlari
ISO 639-1	ar
ISO 639-2	ara
ISO 639-3	ara

Arab tili — Somiy tillar guruhining janubiy tarmogʻiga mansub til. Yaqin va Oʻrta Sharq hamda Afrika shim.586dagi yigirmadan ortiq mamlakatning rasmiy davlat tili hisoblanadi. Arab tilida 200 mln. dan ortiq aholi gaplashadi (1997). Qadimiy Arab tili miloddan avvalgi 5 — 4-asrlarga taalluqli obidalar orqali maʼlumdir. U mumtoz arab tilining paydo boʻlishiga zamin boʻlgan. Mumtoz Arab tilining leksik va grammatik shakllanishi johiliya davri (5 — 7-asrlar) shoirlarining ogʻzaki ijodlarida namoyon boʻla boshlagan. Qur’oni Karimning nozil boʻlishi natijasida mumtoz Arab tili badiiyati yanada goʻzallashdi va grammatik meʼyorlari mukammallashdi. 8 — 9-asrlarda mumtoz Arab tili grammatikasi ishlab chiqildi, islom yoyilgan oʻlkalarda rasmiy va ilmiy til boʻlib qoldi. Ibn Sino, Beruniy, Xorazmiy va boshqa ilmiy asarlarini ana shu tilda yozganlar. Mumtoz Arab tili leksik jihatdan bir oz oʻzgargan holda, hozirga qadar arablarning adabiy tili boʻlib kelmoqda. Buning asosiy sababi arab dunyosini birlashtirib turuvchi Qur’oni Karim, Hadisi Sharif va boshqa moʻ’tabar manbalardir. Arab dunyosidagi vaqtli matbuot, nashrlar, radio va televideniye hozirgi shu tilda. Arab soʻzlashuv tili adabiy tildan keskin farqlanadi, fonetik va leksik jihatdan birbiriga oʻxshamaydi. Misr, Sudan, Suriya, Iroq, Magʻrib, Xasaniya (Mavritaniya), Shoa (Nigeriya, Kamerun, Niger) lahjalariga boʻlinadi. Ushbu lahjalar asosan 3 sababga koʻra yuzaga kelgan: 1) arab adabiy tiliga quraysh qabilasi (Makka) shevasida nozil boʻlgan Qur’oni Karim tili asos boʻlgan, zero oʻsha vaqtlardayoq Arabiston yarim orolda yashovchi qabilalarning tillarida turli tafovutlar bor edi; 2) hozirgi arab dunyosining aksar qismi kelib chiqishi arab boʻlmagan xalqlardir. Ular islom taʼsirida arablashgan. Ularning hozirgi soʻzlashuv tilida islomgacha mavjud boʻlgan ona tillari unsurlarining boʻlishi, tabiiy; 3) arab dunyosining aksar qismi gʻarb istilochilari hukmronligi ostida boʻlgani hududiy lahjalarning jiddiy farqlanishiga olib kelgan. Turkiston, xususan hozirgi Oʻzbekiston hududi Arab xalifaligi tomonidan boʻysundirilgach va islom mahalliy aholi tomonidan qabul qilingach, Arab tili hamda arab yozuvi mazkur hududda ilmfan tili va yozuviga aylandi. Shu bilan bogʻliq holda arabshunoslik vujudga keldi. Ad.: Sharbatov G. Sh., Sovremenniy arabskiy yazik, M., 1961; Talabov E., Arab tili, T., 1993.Sarvar Abdullayev.^[31]

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↑ "Arab tili" OʻzME. A-harfi^{[sayt ishlamaydi]} Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil

Havolalar

Arab tilini oʻrganing ^(ingl.)
Arab tili kursi^{[sayt ishlamaydi]} ^(ingl.)
Elektron arabcha-ruscha lugʻat
Arabcha klaviatura
Arabcha klaviatura onlayn

Ushbu maqolada Oʻzbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi (2000-2005) maʼlumotlaridan foydalanilgan.

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[[https://op.europa.eu/web/eu-vocabularies/at-dataset/-/resource/dataset/language_&#039;&#039;(unspecified_title)&#039;&#039;]-30] 30,0 ^30,1 ^30,2 (unspecified title)

[31] "Arab tili" OʻzME. A-harfi^{[sayt ishlamaydi]} Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil

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