Ibn an-Nafis

Ibn an-Nafis
Ibn an-Nafis
	Fayl:Ali bin abiy hazim Al qorashi ad- d- dimashqi ala d- diyn Ibn Al Nafis statue.jpg
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlar
Tavalludi	1213
Vafoti	17 dekabr 1288; Misr mamluklar podshohligi
Dini	Islam
Era	[islomning oltin asri
Hudud	Suriya va misr
Yurisprudensiya	Shafi'i
Imom	Ash'ari
Asosiy qiziqish(lar)i	medicine; surgery; physiology; anatomy; biology; Islamic studies; jurisprudence; philosophy;
Mashhur ish(lar)i	Sharh al-'Aqa'id al-Nasafiyya, Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon

ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī Ḥazm al-Qarashī al-Dimashqī (O'zbekcha علاء الدين أبو الحسن عليّ بن أبي حزم القرشي الدمشقي), Ibn an-Nafīs ( النفيس ) deb tanilgan, shifokorlik, jarrohlik, fizologiya, anatomiya, biologiya, islom fanlari, huquqshunoslik va falsafa kabi sohalaridagi arabiy polimat bo'lgan. U qonning pulmonal aylanishini birinchi bo'lib tasvirlagan.^[1] Ibn an-Nafisning o'ng tomonli (o'pka) qon aylanishi tizimi haqidagi ishi Uilyam Xarvining "De motu cordis" asarining keyingi (1628) asaridan oldingi davrga to'g'ri keladi. Ikkala nazariyasi ham qon aylanish tizimini tushuntirishga harakat qiladi. II asrdagi yunon shifokor Galenin Klavdiy qon aylanish tizimi fiziologiyasi haqidagi nazariyasi Ibn al-Nafisning asarlariga juda oʻxshash boʻlgan va tanqid qilinmagan, shuning uchun u " qon aylanish fiziologiyasining otasi" deb tanilgan.^[2]^[3]^[4] .

↑ Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y., M. Ahmad, and A. Z. Iskandar. "Factors behind the decline of Islamic science after the sixteenth century." History of science and technology in Islam. Available via: http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%208.html (Wayback Machine saytida 2015-04-02 sanasida arxivlangan) (2001).
↑ „Ibn Al-Nafis: Discoverer of the Pulmonary Circulation“. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. National Library of Medicine (NLM). — „In addition to his medical studies, Ibn al-Nafis learnt Islamic religious law, and became a renowned expert on Shafi’i school of jurisprudence (Fiqh). He lectured at al-Masruriyya School in Cairo. His name was included in a book on “Great Classes of Shafi’i Scholars (Tabaqat al-Shafi’iyyin al-Kubra) by Taj al-Din al-Subki indicating his fame in religious law.“. 2023-yil 14-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ Group of scholars. شروح وحواشي العقائد النسفية لأهل السنة والجماعة (الأشاعرة والماتريدية) (ar) Ahmad Farid al-Mazidi: . Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya, 2013 — 16-bet. ISBN 9782745147851.
↑ Kamal al-Din ibn Abi Sharif. الفرائد في حل شرح العقائد وهو حاشية ابن أبي شريف على شرح العقائد للتفتازاني (ar) Muhammad al-'Azazi: . Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya, 2017 — 4-bet. ISBN 9782745189509.

Dastlabki anatomist sifatida Ibn al-Nafis o'z ishi davomida bir nechta inson diseksiyalarini amalga oshirdi va fizologiya va anatomiya sohalarida bir nechta muhim kashfiyotlarni amalga oshirdi.^[5] U Kichik qon aylanish doirasi kashf etishdan tashqari, qon to'plamlari va kapillar aylanishini ham ilk bor aniqlagan.^[6]^[7] Shuningdek, u Sultan Saladin tomonidan tashkil etilgan al-Naseri kasalxonasining bosh shifokori etib tayinlandi.

Tibbdan tashqari Ibn al-Nafis hukm, adabiyot va teologiya fanlarini o'rgandi. Shofe'iy mazhabidagi fiqh mazhabining mutaxassisi va mutaxassis tabib edi. ^[8] Ibn an-Nafis tomonidan yozilgan tibbiyot darsliklari soni 110 jilddan ortiq deb baholanadi. ^[9]

↑ Majeed, Azeem (2005). "How Islam changed medicine". BMJ 331 (7531): 1486–1487. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1486. PMID 16373721. PMC 1322233. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1322233.
↑ Feucht, Cynthia. Pharmacotherapeutics in Medical Disorders (en). Walter de Gruyter, 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-027636-7.
↑ Moore, Lisa Jean. The Body: Social and Cultural Dissections (en). Routledge, 2014. ISBN 978-1-136-77172-9.
↑ deVries, Catherine R.. Global Surgery and Public Health: A New Paradigm (en). Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2012. ISBN 978-0-7637-8048-7.
↑ Patrice Le Floch-Prigent and Dominique Delaval (April 2014). "The discovery of the pulmonary circulation by Ibn al Nafis during the 13th century: an anatomical approach". The FASEB Journal 28. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/543.9.short.
↑ Szasz, Theodora. Vascular Smooth Muscle Function in Hypertension (en). Biota Publishing, 2016. ISBN 978-1-61504-685-0.
↑ Mantzavinos, C.. Explanatory Pluralism (en). Cambridge University Press, 2016. ISBN 978-1-107-12851-4.
↑ Haddad, Sami; Amin A. Khairallah (1936). "A Forgotten Chapter in the History of the Circulation of Blood". Annals of Surgery 104 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1097/00000658-193607000-00001. PMID 17856795. PMC 1390327. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1390327.
↑ Numan, Mohammed T. (6 August 2014). "Ibn Al Nafis: His Seminal Contributions to Cardiology". Pediatric Cardiology 35 (7): 1088–90. doi:10.1007/s00246-014-0990-7. PMID 25096906.

[1] Al-Hassan, Ahmad Y., M. Ahmad, and A. Z. Iskandar. "Factors behind the decline of Islamic science after the sixteenth century." History of science and technology in Islam. Available via: http://www.history-science-technology.com/articles/articles%208.html (Wayback Machine saytida 2015-04-02 sanasida arxivlangan) (2001).

[2] „Ibn Al-Nafis: Discoverer of the Pulmonary Circulation“. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. National Library of Medicine (NLM). — „In addition to his medical studies, Ibn al-Nafis learnt Islamic religious law, and became a renowned expert on Shafi’i school of jurisprudence (Fiqh). He lectured at al-Masruriyya School in Cairo. His name was included in a book on “Great Classes of Shafi’i Scholars (Tabaqat al-Shafi’iyyin al-Kubra) by Taj al-Din al-Subki indicating his fame in religious law.“. 2023-yil 14-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[3] Group of scholars. شروح وحواشي العقائد النسفية لأهل السنة والجماعة (الأشاعرة والماتريدية) (ar) Ahmad Farid al-Mazidi: . Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya, 2013 — 16-bet. ISBN 9782745147851.

[4] Kamal al-Din ibn Abi Sharif. الفرائد في حل شرح العقائد وهو حاشية ابن أبي شريف على شرح العقائد للتفتازاني (ar) Muhammad al-'Azazi: . Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya, 2017 — 4-bet. ISBN 9782745189509.

[5] Majeed, Azeem (2005). "How Islam changed medicine". BMJ 331 (7531): 1486–1487. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1486. PMID 16373721. PMC 1322233. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1322233.

[6] Feucht, Cynthia. Pharmacotherapeutics in Medical Disorders (en). Walter de Gruyter, 2012. ISBN 978-3-11-027636-7.

[7] Moore, Lisa Jean. The Body: Social and Cultural Dissections (en). Routledge, 2014. ISBN 978-1-136-77172-9.

[8] Vries, Catherine R.. Global Surgery and Public Health: A New Paradigm (en). Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2012. ISBN 978-0-7637-8048-7.

[9] Patrice Le Floch-Prigent and Dominique Delaval (April 2014). "The discovery of the pulmonary circulation by Ibn al Nafis during the 13th century: an anatomical approach". The FASEB Journal 28. http://www.fasebj.org/content/28/1_Supplement/543.9.short.

[10] Szasz, Theodora. Vascular Smooth Muscle Function in Hypertension (en). Biota Publishing, 2016. ISBN 978-1-61504-685-0.

[11] Mantzavinos, C.. Explanatory Pluralism (en). Cambridge University Press, 2016. ISBN 978-1-107-12851-4.

[Haddad-12] Haddad, Sami; Amin A. Khairallah (1936). "A Forgotten Chapter in the History of the Circulation of Blood". Annals of Surgery 104 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1097/00000658-193607000-00001. PMID 17856795. PMC 1390327. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1390327.

[13] Numan, Mohammed T. (6 August 2014). "Ibn Al Nafis: His Seminal Contributions to Cardiology". Pediatric Cardiology 35 (7): 1088–90. doi:10.1007/s00246-014-0990-7. PMID 25096906.

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